Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 321-340 of 865
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Comments on “Sahel: The Changing Rainfall Regime and the ‘Normals’ Used for its Assessment”
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)No abstract available. -
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The Morning Inversion Near the Ground and Its Daytime Transition at Two Rural Sites in the Carolinas
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)Six years of tower data from two dissimilar sites in the eastern piedmont of the Carolinas are analyzed to yield a selective climatology of the lower portion of the morning inversion. Its transition to daytime conditions ... -
Correlations between Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer Data and an Antecedent Precipitation Index
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)Passive microwave brightness temperatures from the Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) can be used to infer the soil moisture content over agricultural areas such as the southern Great Plains of the ... -
Comparison of Regional Clear-Sky Albedos Inferred from Satellite Observations and Model Computations
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)We have taken an important first step in validating climate models by comparing model and satellite inferred clear sky TOA (top-of-atmosphere) albedos. Model albodos were computed on a 1° ? 1° latitude-longitude grid, ... -
Grid History: A Geostationary Satellite Technique for Estimating Daily Rainfall in the Tropics
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)A new technique is described for estimating daily rainfall by means of visible and infrared geostationary satellite imagery. It is designed for the tropics and warm-season midlatitudes. Because it operates on a grid of ... -
A Model to Estimate the Time of Observation Bias Associated with Monthly Mean Maximum, Minimum and Mean Temperatures for the United States
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)Hourly data for 79 stations in the United States are used to develop an empirical model which can be used to estimate the time of observation bias associated with different observation schedules. The model is developed for ... -
Reflection and Emission Models for Deserts Derived from Nimbus-7 ERB Scanner Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)Broadband shortwave and longwave radiance measurements obtained from the Nimbus-7 Earth Radiation Budget scanner were used to develop reflectance and emittance models for the Sahara-Arabian, Gibson, and Saudi Deserts. The ... -
Northern Hemisphere Surface Air Temperature Variations: 1851–1984
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)A new compilation of monthly mean surface air temperature for the Northern Hemisphere for 1851?1984 is presented based on land-based meteorological station data and fixed-position weather ship data. This compilation differs ... -
An Atmospheric Water Balance over a Mountain Barrier
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)The flow of moisture through a ?slab? of air, upwind and over the Park Range in northwest Colorado, was estimated from wintertime meteorological measurements. On average, 6?14% of the inflow moisture precipitated onto the ... -
Numerical Study of Some Unstably Stratified Boundary-Layer Flows over a Valley at Moderate Richardson Number
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)A two-dimensional numerical model is utilized to investigate steady-state, three-dimensional turbulent flow over a valley under unstable thermal stratifications. An eddy viscosity turbulence model is employed, in which the ... -
Slope Winds in Veracruz
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)Detailed boundary-layer measurements are presented to show how slope winds affect the regional climate in central Veracruz state, Mexico. Observations include the growth of an anabatic convective boundary layer in summer, ... -
The Stratocumulus Nature of Fog
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) and Thematic Mapper (TM) digital data are used to remotely sense fog properties. These include fog cell size distribution, cell aspect ratio (the ratio of the length of the major and ... -
Nucleation of Ice Crystals in Supercooled Clouds Caused by Passage of an Airplane
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)No abstract available. -
Layer Cloud Amounts for January and July 1979 from 3D-Nephanalysis
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)Layer cloud amounts for the months of January and July 1979 have been extracted from a compressed version of the U.S. Air Force's 3D-nephanalysis. These layer cloud amounts are discussed in the context of the total cloud ... -
Temporal Analysis of Long-Term Atmospheric Moisture Levels in Phoenix, Arizona
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)Long-term monthly averaged dew point and relative humidity levels for Phoenix, Arizona are examined in this investigation. Dew points are generally unchanged over the 1896?1984 period of instrumental record; relative ... -
Hail in Southwestern France. II: Results of a 30-Year Hail Prevention Project with Silver Iodide Seeding from the Ground
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)A nonrandomized weather modification project, hail prevention by seeding from the ground, has been run since 1952 in a large area of southwestern France. From the beginning of the experiment, the parameter proposed to ... -
Hail in Southwestern France. I: Hailfall Characteristics and Hailstrom Environment
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)In the context of an experiment of hail prevention in the Aquitaine region, 12 869 reports of damaging hail have been compiled during 29 years in an area of 88 980 km2. These observations, together with crop insurance data, ... -
The Sensitivity of the Palmer Drought Severity Index and Palmer's Z-Index to their Calibration Coefficients Including Potential Evapotranspiration
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) is routinely made available by NOAA for operational use, and it has also been calculated across the United States on a historical basis back to 1895 (Karl et al., 1983). Traditionally, ... -
Simple Solar Spectral Model for Direct and Diffuse Irradiance on Horizontal and Tilted Planes at the Earth's Surface for Cloudless Atmospheres
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)In a previous work, we described a simple model for calculating direct normal and diffuse horizontal spectral solar irradiance for cloudless sky conditions. In this paper, we present a new simple model (SPCTRAL2) that ...