Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2661-2680 of 2722
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Surface Energy Components and Land Characteristics of a Rice Paddy
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)Many meteorological and air-quality models require land characteristics as inputs. A field experiment was conducted to study the surface energy budget of a rice paddy in Taiwan. During the day, the energy balance ratio ... -
Evaluation of Dispersion Forecasts Driven by Atmospheric Model Output at Coarse and Fine Resolution
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)Lagrangian parcel models are often used to predict the fate of airborne hazardous material releases. The atmospheric input for these integrations is typically supplied by surrounding surface and upper-air observations. ... -
Finescale Diurnal Rainfall Statistics Refined from Eight Years of TRMM PR Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The adequacy of hourly rainfall sampling was examined in terms of the detection of diurnal variations using 8 yr (1998?2005) of data observed by the precipitation radar on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) ... -
Flow Patterns at the Ends of a Street Canyon: Measurements from the Joint Urban 2003 Field Experiment
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)During the Joint Urban 2003 experiment held in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, an east?west-running street canyon was heavily instrumented with wind sensors. In this paper, the flow patterns at the street canyon ends are investigated ... -
Transport of Atmospheric Aerosol by Gap Winds in the Columbia River Gorge
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Typical diurnal wind patterns and their relationship to transport of atmospheric aerosol in the Columbia River gorge of Oregon and Washington are addressed in this paper. The measurement program included measurements of ... -
Seasonal and Synoptic Variations in Near-Surface Air Temperature Lapse Rates in a Mountainous Basin
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)To accurately estimate near-surface (2 m) air temperatures in a mountainous region for hydrologic prediction models and other investigations of environmental processes, the authors evaluated daily and seasonal variations ... -
Relations between Temperature and Residential Natural Gas Consumption in the Central and Eastern United States
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)The increased U.S. natural gas price volatility since the mid-to-late-1980s deregulation generally is attributed to the deregulated market being more sensitive to temperature-related residential demand. This study therefore ... -
Maize Pollen Dispersal under Convective Conditions
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The widespread adoption of genetically modified (GM) crops has led to a need to better understand the atmospheric transport of pollen because of concerns over potential cross-pollination between GM and non-GM crops. Maize ... -
Turbulent Flux Transfer over Bare-Soil Surfaces: Characteristics and Parameterization
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Parameterization of turbulent flux from bare-soil and undercanopy surfaces is imperative for modeling land?atmosphere interactions in arid and semiarid regions, where flux from the ground is dominant or comparable to ... -
Cloud-Top Temperatures for Precipitating Winter Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)To explore the role of cloud microphysics in a large dataset of precipitating clouds, a 6-month dataset of satellite-derived cloud-top brightness temperatures from the longwave infrared band (channel 4) on the Geostationary ... -
Economic Value of Seasonal Climate Forecasts for Agriculture: Review of Ex-Ante Assessments and Recommendations for Future Research
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Advanced information in the form of seasonal climate forecasts has the potential to improve farmers? decision making, leading to increases in farm profits. Interdisciplinary initiatives seeking to understand and exploit ... -
Vertical Velocities and Available Potential Energy Generated by Landscape Variability—Theory
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)It is shown that landscape variability decreases the temperature in the surface layer when, through mesoscale flow, cool air intrudes over warm patches, lifting warm air and weakening the static stability of the upper part ... -
Supplying Baseload Power and Reducing Transmission Requirements by Interconnecting Wind Farms
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)Wind is the world?s fastest growing electric energy source. Because it is intermittent, though, wind is not used to supply baseload electric power today. Interconnecting wind farms through the transmission grid is a simple ... -
Over-Ocean Validation of the Global Convective Diagnostic
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The global convective diagnostic (GCD) is a bispectral (infrared and water vapor), day?night scheme for operationally mapping deep convection by means of geostationary satellite images. This article describes a test of GCD ... -
Retrieval of Raindrop Size Distribution from Simulated Dual-Frequency Radar Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Observations of raindrop size distributions (DSDs) have validated the use of three-parameter distribution functions in representing the observed spectra. However, dual-frequency radar measurements are limited to retrieving ... -
The Use of Synthetic Hurricane Tracks in Risk Analysis and Climate Change Damage Assessment
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)Because of the lack of data on past hurricanes, empirical evaluations of the statistics needed for risk management are very uncertain. An alternative strategy is to use a hurricane model to produce large sets of synthetic ... -
Spatial Interpolation of Daily Maximum and Minimum Air Temperature Based on Meteorological Model Analyses and Independent Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)Hourly meteorological forecast model initializations are used to guide the spatial interpolation of daily cooperative network station data in the northeastern United States. The hourly model data are transformed to daily ... -
Comparison of 700-hPa NCEP-R1 and AMIP-R2 Wind Patterns over the Continental United States Using Cluster Analysis
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)Clustering techniques are adapted to facilitate the comparison of gridded 700-hPa wind flow patterns spanning the continental United States. A recent decade (1985?94) of wind component data has been extracted from two ... -
Assessing Predictability of Cotton Yields in the Southeastern United States Based on Regional Atmospheric Circulation and Surface Temperatures
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The potential to predict cotton yields up to one month before planting in the southeastern United States is assessed in this research. To do this, regional atmospheric variables that are related to historic summer rainfall ... -
Influence of GPS Precipitable Water Vapor Retrievals on Quantitative Precipitation Forecasting in Southern California
(American Meteorological Society, 2007)The effects of precipitable water vapor (PWV) retrievals from the Southern California Integrated GPS Network (SCIGN) on quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) skill are examined over two flood-prone regions of Southern ...