Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2101-2120 of 2722
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Impact of the Urban Heat Island Effect on Precipitation over a Complex Geographic Environment in Northern Taiwan
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)To evaluate the impacts of the urban heat island (UHI) effect on precipitation over a complex geographic environment in northern Taiwan, the next-generation mesoscale model, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, ... -
Quantifying Differences between 2-m Temperature Observations and Reanalysis Pressure-Level Temperatures in Northwestern North America
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)n northwestern North America, which is a large area with complex physiography, Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time Series, version 2.1, (TS 2.1) gridded monthly mean 2-m temperatures are systematically lower than interpolated ... -
Uncertainty Analysis for CloudSat Snowfall Retrievals
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)A new method to derive radar reflectivity?snow rate (Ze?S) relationships from scattering properties of different ice particle models is presented. Three statistical Ze?i relationships are derived to characterize the best ... -
Intercomparison Study of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flashes Observed by KARITLDS and KLDN at South Korea
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Concern regarding lightning activity as a precursor of severe weather is increasing. Atmospheric electricity, including lightning phenomena, is one of most serious threats to successful space launch operations. The objective ... -
Detecting the Ratio of Rain and Cloud Water in Low-Latitude Shallow Marine Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Satellite observations are used to deduce the relationship between cloud water and precipitation water for low-latitude shallow marine clouds. The specific sensors that facilitate the analysis are the collocated CloudSat ... -
Nowcasting Convective Storm Initiation Using Satellite-Based Box-Averaged Cloud-Top Cooling and Cloud-Type Trends
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Short-term (0?1 h) convective storm nowcasting remains a problem for operational weather forecasting, and convective storms pose a significant monetary sink for the aviation industry. Numerical weather prediction models, ... -
Objectively Determining the Rotational Center of Tropical Cyclones in Passive Microwave Satellite Imagery
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Precise center-fixing of tropical cyclones (TCs) is critical for operational forecasting, intensity estimation, and visualization. Current procedures are usually performed with manual input from a human analyst, using ... -
Statistics and Possible Sources of Aviation Turbulence over South Korea
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)The characteristics of aviation turbulence over South Korea during the recent five years (2003?08, excluding 2005) are investigated using pilot reports (PIREPs) accumulated by the Korea Aviation Meteorological Agency (KAMA). ... -
African Dust over the Northern Tropical Atlantic: 1955–2008
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)African dust outbreaks are the result of complex interactions between the land, atmosphere, and oceans, and only recently has a large body of work begun to emerge that aims to understand the controls on?and impacts of?African ... -
Investigating the Influence of Carbon Dioxide and the Stratosphere on the Long-Term Tropospheric Temperature Monitoring from HIRS
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Contrary to a midtropospheric warming trend detected from Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) measurements, High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) temperature (15 ?m) channels, sensitive to the thermal emission from ... -
Satellite Sampling and Retrieval Errors in Regional Monthly Rain Estimates from TMI, AMSR-E, SSM/I, AMSU-B, and the TRMM PR
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)assive and active microwave rain sensors on board Earth-orbiting satellites estimate monthly rainfall from the instantaneous rain statistics collected during satellite overpasses. It is well known that climate-scale rain ... -
Homogeneity of Gridded Precipitation Datasets for the Colorado River Basin
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Inhomogeneity in gridded meteorological data may arise from the inclusion of inhomogeneous station data or from aspects of the gridding procedure itself. However, the homogeneity of gridded datasets is rarely questioned, ... -
Climate Change: Anticipated Effects on High-Energy Laser Weapon Systems in Maritime Environments
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)This study quantifies the potential impacts on ship-defense high-energy-laser (HEL) performance due to atmospheric effects in the marine boundary layer driven by recent observations and analysis of worldwide sea surface ... -
Classification of Weather Patterns and Associated Trajectories of High-Ozone Episodes in the Houston–Galveston–Brazoria Area during the 2005/06 TexAQS-II
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)The 850-hPa synoptic flow patterns over eastern Texas and adjacent states during the 2005/06 Second Texas Air Quality Studies (TexAQS-II) period were classified into six groups using a two-stage clustering method. This ... -
Dust Devil–Like Vortices in an Urban Area Detected by a 3D Scanning Doppler Lidar
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) observations were conducted in an urban area (Sapporo, Japan) from April 2005 to July 2007 using a three-dimensional scanning coherent Doppler lidar. During this period, 50 dust devil?like ... -
Comparison of Estimators for Parameters of Gamma Distributions with Left-Truncated Samples
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)When fitting a raindrop size distribution using a gamma model from data collected by a disdrometer, some consideration needs to be given to the small drops that fail to be recorded (typical disdrometer minimum size thresholds ... -
Cloud-Top Properties of Growing Cumulus prior to Convective Initiation as Measured by Meteosat Second Generation. Part II: Use of Visible Reflectance
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)This study is a companion research effort to ?Part I,? which emphasized use of infrared data for understanding various aspects of growing convective clouds in the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite?s Spinning ... -
Nocturnal Cold-Air Intrusions into a Closed Basin: Observational Evidence and Conceptual Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Observations are analyzed to explain an unusual feature of the nighttime atmospheric structure inside Arizona?s idealized, basin-shaped Meteor Crater. The upper 75%?80% of the crater?s atmosphere, which overlies an intense ... -
Pattern-Based Evaluation of Coupled Meteorological and Air Quality Models
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)A novel pattern-based model evaluation technique is proposed and demonstrated for air quality models (AQMs) driven by meteorological model (MM) output. The evaluation technique is applied directly to the MM output; however, ... -
Clouds at Arctic Atmospheric Observatories. Part II: Thermodynamic Phase Characteristics
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Cloud phase defines many cloud properties and determines the ways in which clouds interact with other aspects of the climate system. The occurrence fraction and characteristics of clouds distinguished by their phase are ...