Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1721-1740 of 2722
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A Method for Diagnosing the Sources of Infrasound in Convective Storm Simulations
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)his paper presents a convenient method for diagnosing the sources of infrasound in a numerical simulation of a convective storm. The method is based on an exact acoustic wave equation for the perturbation Exner function ... -
Toward Real-Time Daily PQPF by an Analog Sorting Approach: Application to Flash-Flood Catchments
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)eavy-rainfall events are common in southern France and frequently result in devastating flash floods. Thus, an appropriate anticipation of future rainfall is required: for early flood warning, at least 12?24 h in advance; ... -
Connecting Subseasonal Movements of the Winter Mean Ridge in Western North America to Inversion Climatology in Cache Valley, Utah
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)10-yr record of PM2.5 (particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 ?m), collected in Cache Valley near downtown Logan, Utah, reveals a strong peak in the PM2.5 concentration climatology that is tightly localized in ... -
Formation Mechanisms of the Extreme High Surface Air Temperature of 40.9°C Observed in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area: Considerations of Dynamic Foehn and Foehnlike Wind
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)record-breaking high surface air temperature in Japan of 40.9°C was observed on 16 August 2007 in Kumagaya, located 60 km northwest of central Tokyo. In this study, the formation mechanisms of this extreme high temperature ... -
The Accuracy of Radar Estimates of Ice Terminal Fall Speed from Vertically Pointing Doppler Radar Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)oppler radar measurements at different frequencies (50 and 2835 MHz) are used to characterize the terminal fall speed of hydrometeors and the vertical air motion in tropical ice clouds and to evaluate statistical methods ... -
A Robust Error-Based Rain Estimation Method for Polarimetric Radar. Part I: Development of a Method
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)he algorithms used to estimate rainfall from polarimetric radar variables show significant variance in error characteristics over the range of naturally occurring rain rates. As a consequence, to improve rainfall estimation ... -
A Novel Approach for the Detection of Inhomogeneities Affecting Climate Time Series
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)udden changes caused by nonclimatic factors (inhomogeneities) usually affect instrumental time series of climate variables. To perform robust climate analyses based on observations, a proper identification of such changes ... -
A Climatology of 500-hPa Closed Lows and Associated Precipitation in the Northeastern United States
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)emporal trends in precipitation associated with 500-hPa low pressure systems are assessed for consistency with overall precipitation trends in the northeastern United States. Increases in precipitation associated with ... -
On the Use of Dual-Polarized C-Band Radar for Operational Rainfall Retrieval in Mountainous Areas
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)adar-rainfall estimation is a complex process that involves several error sources, some of which are related to the environmental context. The presence of orographic obstacles heavily affects the quality of the retrieved ... -
Testing and Diagnosing the Ability of the Bureau of Meteorology’s Numerical Weather Prediction Systems to Support Prediction of Solar Energy Production
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)he ability of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology?s numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems to predict solar exposure (or insolation) was tested, with the aim of predicting large-scale solar energy several days in ... -
Evolution and Distribution of Record-Breaking High and Low Monthly Mean Temperatures
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)he ratio of record highs to record lows is examined with respect to extent of time series for monthly mean temperatures within the continental United States for 1900?2006. In counting the number of records that occur in a ... -
Evaluations of Upper-Level Turbulence Diagnostics Performance Using the Graphical Turbulence Guidance (GTG) System and Pilot Reports (PIREPs) over East Asia
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)he forecast skill of upper-level turbulence diagnostics is evaluated using available turbulence observations [viz., pilot reports (PIREPs)] over East Asia. The six years (2003?08) of PIREPs used in this study include null, ... -
Estimation of Daily Mean Photosynthetically Active Radiation under All-Sky Conditions Based on Relative Sunshine Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)hotosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is absorbed by plants to carry out photosynthesis. Its estimation is important for many applications such as ecological modeling. In this study, a broadband transmittance scheme for ... -
The Contribution of Orographically Driven Banded Precipitation to the Rainfall Climatology of a Mediterranean Region
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)tudies carried out worldwide show that topography influences rainfall climatology. As in most western Mediterranean regions, the mountainous Cévennes?Vivarais area in France regularly experiences extreme precipitation that ... -
Hail in Northeast Italy: Climatology and Bivariate Analysis with the Sounding-Derived Indices
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)n this work the hailpad data collected during the April?September period of the years 1992?2009 by a network of approximately 360 stations on the plain of the Friuli Venezia Giulia region (northeast Italy) were analyzed. ... -
Analyses of Nocturnal Temperature Cooling-Rate Response to Historical Local-Scale Urban Land-Use/Land Cover Change
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)rbanization affects near-surface climates by increasing city temperatures relative to rural temperatures [i.e., the urban heat island (UHI) effect]. This effect is usually measured as the relative temperature difference ... -
Comments on “Estimation of Tropical Cyclone Wind Hazard for Darwin: Comparison with Two Other Locations and the Australian Wind-Loading Code”
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)ook and Nicholls recently argued in this journal that the city of Darwin (Northern Territory), Australia, should be located in wind region D rather than in the current region C in the Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS ... -
The Use of a High-Resolution Standardized Precipitation Index for Drought Monitoring and Assessment
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)high-resolution drought-monitoring tool was developed to assess drought on multiple time scales using the standardized precipitation index (SPI). Daily precipitation data at 4-km resolution are obtained from the Advanced ... -
Vertical Variations of Mixing Lengths under Neutral and Stable Conditions during CASES-99
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)n investigation on vertical variations of the mixing lengths for momentum and heat under neutral and stable conditions was conducted using the data collected from the Cooperative Atmosphere?Surface Exchange Study in 1999 ... -
Impact of Upstream Urbanization on the Urban Heat Island Effects along the Washington–Baltimore Corridor
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)lthough there has been considerable research on urban heat island (UHI) effects, most of the previous studies have attributed UHI effects to localized, surface processes. In this study, the impact of upstream urbanization ...