Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 941-960 of 5084
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Response of a Two-Dimensional Dual-Doppler Radar Wind Synthesis
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The wind field resulting from a two-dimensional dual-Doppler synthesis algorithms is spectrally modified from the true wind field. The effects of spatial filtering on wind fields from the processes of interpolation, the ... -
Investigations of the Wavelength Dependence of Radar Backscatter from Atmospheric Turbulence
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)It has long been realized that turbulent mixing of vertical refractive-index gradients is responsible for most clear-air echoes seen by UHF radars. The assumptions that the turbulence is isotropic and homogeneous then let ... -
Altimeter Wind and Wind-Stress Algorithms—Further Refinement and Validation
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)An altimeter wind algorithm that was proposed earlier and deduced on the basis of microwave specular reflections from the sea surface is discussed. This algorithm is further tuned overall with buoy-measured winds; it is ... -
Conditional Sampling of Coherent Structures in Atmospheric Turbulence Using the Wavelet Transform
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The development and evaluation of a technique to detect and retrieve coherent structures embedded in a record of atmospheric surface-layer temperature fluctuations is described. This new detection scheme, based on a local ... -
Fitting a Cartesian Prediction Model to Radial Velocity Data from Single-Doppler Radar
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Previous experiments with the adjoint technique for determining the three-dimensional wind and thermodynamic fields from single-Doppler radar data have assumed that the radar observes one component of the velocity in ... -
Comparison of a Doppler Sodar with Bivanes and Cup Anemometers
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)A commercial Doppler sodar was operated near a 300-m tower instrumented with bivanes and cup anemometers. Sodar measurements of wind speed and direction and a turbulence variable (σw) were compared with tower measurements ... -
Deep Ocean Wave Measurements Using a Vertically Oriented Sonar
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)A vertically oriented 200-kHz sonar is used to make estimates of (one-dimensional) surface wave spectra in the deep ocean. Two independent approaches are used to determine wave spectra from this system: a direct measurement ... -
Laboratory Comparisons of Acoustic and Optical Sensors for Microbubble Measurement
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)This paper presents the results of a recent comparison between three microbubble size spectrum measurement systems. These systems are the light-wattering bubble counter, the photographic bubble-imaging system, and the ... -
A Balloon-Borne Instrument for Measuring the Charge and Size of Precipitation Particles inside Thunderstorms
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)A new balloon-borne instrument created by the authors and referred to as the q-d instrument that measures the charge q and size d of precipitation particles is discussed. The instrument measures charge with an induction ... -
The Effect of Antenna Sidelobes on Multiple-Parameter Radar Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)Multiple-parameter radar measurements involve the combination of several different radar measurements, such as reflectivity measurements at different frequencies or polarizations, into a single parameter. Prediction of the ... -
An Air-Launched Atmospheric Sounding System (ALMET)
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)This article describes a system to provide standard atmospheric soundings in remote oceanic regions. Deployed from an aircraft, the expendable unit descends to within 15 m of the ocean surface on a parachute and then ... -
95-GHz Polarimetric Radar Measurements of Orographic Cap Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The use of millimeter-wavelength radars for cloud microphysical research was investigated in experiments at the Elk Mountain Observatory near Laramie, Wyoming, between April 1990 and March 1992. The 95-GHz polarimetric ... -
Preliminary Results of X-Band Polarization Radar Studies of Clouds and Precipitation
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Combined measurements of differential reflectivity and cross-correlation coefficient between linear copolar components of weather radar returns have been obtained with a noncoherent X-band polarimetric meteorological radar. ... -
An Alternative Approach to Estimating Rainfall Rate by Radar Using Propagation Differential Phase Shift
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)In this work it is shown that for frequencies from 3 to 13 GHz, the ratio of the specific propagation differential phase shift ΦDP to the rainfall rate can be specified essentially independently of the form of the drop ... -
Multichannel Microwave Radiometric Observations at Saipan during the 1990 Tropical Cyclone Motion Experiment
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)To estimate mesoscale variations in integrated water vapor, cloud liquid water, and temperature in a tropical region, multiwavelength microwave radiometric observations were carried out over a seven-week period on the ... -
Temperature Profiling with Neural Network Inversion of Microwave Radiometer Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)A neural network is used to obtain vertical profiles of temperature from microwave radiometer data. The overall rms error in the retrieved profiles of a test dataset was only about 8% worse than the overall error using an ... -
Test of a Phased Array Sodar by Intercomparison with Tower Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The phased array sodar PA2 recently manufactured by the French REMTECH enterprise was tested using tower data for comparison. Wind speed, wind direction, and the standard deviation of the horizontal wind direction (σ?) ... -
Measurement of Water Vapor Flux Profiles in the Convective Boundary Layer with Lidar and Radar-RASS
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)A remote-sensing method to retrieve vertical profiles of water vapor flux in the convective boundary layer by using a differential absorption lidar and a radar-radio acoustic sounding system is described. The system's ... -
Recent Lidar Technology Developments and Their Influence on Measurements of Tropospheric Water Vapor
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)In this paper the influences of recent technology developments in the areas of lasers, detectors, and optical filters of a differential absorption lidar (DIAL) system on the measurement of tropospheric water vapor (H20) ... -
Measurements of Momentum Flux in the Boundary Layer by RASS
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Ground-based remote measurements of the turbulent vertical flux of horizontal momentum in the atmospheric boundary layer are described. For this experiment a wind profiler was operated in the radio acoustic sounding system ...