Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3501-3520 of 5084
-
A New Method for the Measurement of the Site Errors of a Lightning Direction-Finder: Description and First Results
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)One of the major limitations in the use of magnetic direction-finders for locating lightning is the presence of systematic angle errors that are due to the local antenna site. An attempt was made to measure this systematic ... -
Regional Characteristics for Interpreting Inverted Echo Sounder (IES) Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)Changes in round-trip acoustc travel time (τ) measured between a bottom moored inverted echo sounder and the sea surface can be interpreted as changes in dynamic height (D) with suitable calibration information. The τ, D, ... -
A Microstructure Instrument for Profiling Oceanic Turbulence in Coastal Bottom Boundary Layers
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)A free-falling instrument has been built to measure temperature, salinity and turbulent shear from near surface to within 15 cm of the ocean bottom. A probe guard mounted at the lower end of the instrument protects sensitive ... -
Dynamic Response of a Cup Anemometer
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)The dynamic response of a cup anemometer is studied, based on an equation of motion. Torque acting on the anemometer is shown to be different in the accelerating and the decelerating states of rotation. The values of the ... -
The VHF Doppler Radar as a Tool for Cloud and Precipitation Studies
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)The VHF Doppler radar has become a powerful tool for probing structures and motions of the clear air. In this paper, we discuss the capability of VHF radar as a tool for cloud and precipitation studies. Large fluctuations ... -
Radar Reflectivity of Cumulus Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)The relationships between the radar reflectivity factor Z and significant physical cloud parameters are studied from a dataset collected with an instrumented aircraft in non- or very weakly precipitating warm clouds. The ... -
Numerical Studies of Sampling Efficiencies of the ASCME and PMS Aspirator Hydrometeor Measurement Instruments
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)A three-dimensional first-order panel code is used to calculate airflow around and into the Airborne Snow Concentration Measuring Equipment (ASCME), and an axisymmetric second-order panel code is used to calculate flow to ... -
Weather Radar Interlaced Scanning Strategy
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)The Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) may use a 5-min volume scan to monitor thunderstorms and provide hazard warnings. Short-lifetime, low-altitude wind shear near airports is a hazard to safe flights that deserves ... -
Determination of the Psychrometer Coefficient A of the WMO Reference Psychrometer by Comparison with a Standard Gravimetric Hygrometer
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)An accurate determination has been made of the psychrometer coefficient A of the reference psychrometer defined in a specification adopted by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1977. A psychrometer constructed ... -
Error Sources and Accuracy of Vertical Velocities Computed from Multiple-Doppler Radar Measurements in Deep Convective Storms
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)Actual data are used in one case to investigate the nature and source of vertical velocity errors resulting from analyses of multiple-Doppler radar measurements. Consistent with earlier analytical works, larger errors are ... -
Trace Gas Measurements from Tethered Balloon Platforms
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)Instrumentation and chemical sampling and analysis procedures are described for making measurements of atmospheric carbon disulfide in the concentration range 1?1000 pptv from tethered balloon platforms. Results of a study ... -
A Numerical Method for Solving the Forced Baroclinic Coastal-Trapped Wave Problem of General Form
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)The determination of baroclinic coastal-trapped wave modes reduces to an eigenvalue problem quadratic in the eigenvalue if the long-wave assumption is not made. This problem can be expressed as a linear eigenvalue problem ... -
Two Improvements in Omega Windfinding Techniques
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)A one-dimensional local spline smoothing technique is applied to Omega navigational signals for the purpose of windfinding. Wind profiles so produced depend largely on two parameters of the smoothing procedure: the nodal ... -
Field Evaluation of a Dual-Channel Microwave Radiometer Designed for Measurements of Integrated Water Vapor and Cloud Liquid Water in the Atmosphere
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)The dual-channel microwave radiometer is evaluated in regard to the measurement of integrated water vapor and supercooled liquid water. The study includes comparisons of integrated vapor content measured by the radiometer ... -
Lidar Measurement of Turbulence Encountered by Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)We used a continuous-wave (CW) Doppler lidar to measure wind velocity turbulence from a moving frame of reference. By directing the lidar beam to trace the perimeters of vertical-plane disks about horizontal axes parallel ... -
The ONSAM Experiment: Remote Sensing Techniques for Vertical Sounding of the Atmosphere
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)The ONSala Atmospheric Measurement program was carried out in May 1983 in order to test the performance of new remote sensing equipment, compared with radiosondes launched for this particular program. A temperature profiling ... -
Further Discussion on Deriving Drop-Size Distribution and Vertical Air Velocities Directly from VHF Doppler Radar Spectra
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)Raindrop size distribution and vertical air velocity are directly derived from VHF Doppler radar spectra in precipitation environments. As was first proposed by Wakasugi et al., we use a least-squares fitting parametric ... -
Anemometer Performance Determined by ASTM Methods
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)Standard methods are tested for determining the starting threshold, distance, constant, transfer function and off-axis response of an anemometer. This fire use of the draft ASTM method provides data on the performance of ... -
Observations of Thunderstorm Reflectivities and Doppler Velocities Measured at VHF and UHF
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)We compare observations of thunderstorms made with two radars operating at different wavelengths of 70 cm and 5.67 m. The first set of observations was made with the UHF radar at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, and ... -
Testing and Performance of Two-Dimensional Optical Array Spectrometers with Greyscale
(American Meteorological Society, 1987)Two laboratory optical array spectrometers with greyscale were evaluated for their sizing, depth of field and timing performance; these three factors are necessary to calculate concentrations and liquid water contents. The ...