Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2901-2920 of 5084
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A Field Study of Reflectivity and Z–R Relations Using Vertically Pointing Radars and Disdrometers
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Observations from a 16-month field study using two vertically pointing radars and a disdrometer at Wallops Island are analyzed to examine the consistency of the multi-instrument observations with respect to reflectivity ... -
Construction of the Remote Sensing Systems V3.2 Atmospheric Temperature Records from the MSU and AMSU Microwave Sounders
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Measurements made by microwave sounding instruments provide a multidecadal record of atmospheric temperature change. Measurements began in late 1978 with the launch of the first Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) and continue ... -
Evaluation of Long-Term Cloud-Resolving Model Simulations Using Satellite Radiance Observations and Multifrequency Satellite Simulators
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)This paper proposes a methodology known as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Triple-Sensor Three-Step Evaluation Framework (T3EF) for the systematic evaluation of precipitating cloud types and microphysics in ... -
Simulated WSR-88D Velocity and Reflectivity Signatures of Numerically Modeled Tornadoes
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Low-altitude radar reflectivity measurements of tornadoes sometimes reveal a donut-shaped signature (low-reflectivity eye surrounded by a high-reflectivity annulus) and at other times reveal a high-reflectivity knob ... -
Comparisons of Reflectivities from the TRMM Precipitation Radar and Ground-Based Radars
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Given the decade-long and highly successful Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), it is now possible to provide quantitative comparisons between ground-based radars (GRs) and the spaceborne TRMM precipitation radar ... -
An Efficient, General-Purpose Technique for Identifying Storm Cells in Geospatial Images
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Existing techniques for identifying, associating, and tracking storms rely on heuristics and are not transferrable between different types of geospatial images. Yet, with the multitude of remote sensing instruments and the ... -
A Cable-Borne Tram for Atmospheric Measurements along Transects
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)A system to make atmospheric measurements from a moving trolley suspended by a stretched cable has been developed. At present, these measurements consist of wind velocity, temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide ... -
Absolute Calibration of Radar Reflectivity Using Redundancy of the Polarization Observations and Implied Constraints on Drop Shapes
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)A major limitation of improved radar-based rainfall estimation is accurate calibration of radar reflectivity. In this paper, the authors fully automate a polarimetric method that uses the consistency between radar reflectivity, ... -
Intercalibration of Broadband Geostationary Imagers Using AIRS
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Geostationary simultaneous nadir observations (GSNOs) are collected for Earth Observing System (EOS) Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on board Aqua and a global array of geostationary imagers. The imagers compared in ... -
Doppler Lidar Estimation of Mixing Height Using Turbulence, Shear, and Aerosol Profiles
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The concept of boundary layer mixing height for meteorology and air quality applications using lidar data is reviewed, and new algorithms for estimation of mixing heights from various types of lower-tropospheric coherent ... -
Additive Noise for Storm-Scale Ensemble Data Assimilation
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)An ?additive noise? method for initializing ensemble forecasts of convective storms and maintaining ensemble spread during data assimilation is developed and tested for a simplified numerical cloud model (no radiation, ... -
Presenting the Snowflake Video Imager (SVI)
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Herein the authors introduce the Snowflake Video Imager (SVI), which is a new instrument for characterizing frozen precipitation. An SVI utilizes a video camera with sufficient frame rate, pixels, and shutter speed to ... -
Onboard Real-Time Absolute Radiometric Calibration for Thermal Infrared Channels of Chinese Geostationary Meteorological Satellites
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Forty-one cloud-free images of Qinghai Lake (QHL) in China and the corresponding digital numbers (DNs) of FengYun-2C (FY-2C) at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 UTC from 1 July to 30 September 2005 are analyzed. The corresponding ... -
Spectral Coherence and the Statistical Significance of Turbulent Flux Computations
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The squared spectral coherence, a frequency-domain analog of the squared correlation coefficient, identifies the frequencies at which two variables most strongly covary. A simple coherence significance test designed to ... -
Particle Impact and Breakup in Aircraft Measurement
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Measurements of cloud particle properties from aircraft by optical and impact techniques are subject to artifacts following particle breakup prior to detection. The impact kinetic energy to surface energy ratio (L) provides ... -
A New Technique for Estimation of Lower-Tropospheric Temperature and Water Vapor Profiles from Radio Occultation Refractivity
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)An empirical technique is proposed to obtain temperature and humidity profiles over the tropics using radio occultation refractivity profiles and surface/available lower-altitude temperature and pressure measurements over ... -
Ground-Based Passive Microwave Profiling during Dynamic Weather Conditions
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Short-period (1?5 min) temperature and humidity soundings up to 10-km height are retrieved from ground-based 12-channel microwave radiometer profiler (MWRP) observations. In contrast to radiosondes, the radiometric retrievals ... -
Statistical Properties of Rain Cells in the Padana Valley
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)A large collection of radar reflectivity maps gathered from 1988 to 1992 at the Spino d?Adda experimental station, located in the Padana Valley, has been exploited to investigate the statistical properties of rain structures ... -
Development of a Long-Range Lightning Detection Network for the Pacific: Construction, Calibration, and Performance
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The waveguide between the earth?s surface and the ionosphere allows very low-frequency (VLF) emissions generated by lightning, called sferics, to propagate over long distances. The new Pacific Lightning Detection Network ... -
Detailed Observations of Wind Turbine Clutter with Scanning Weather Radars
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The wind power industry has seen tremendous growth over the past decade and with it has come the need for clutter mitigation techniques for nearby radar systems. Wind turbines can impart upon these radars a unique type of ...