Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2181-2200 of 5084
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Evaluation of Three-Beam and Four-Beam Profiler Wind Measurement Techniques Using a Five-Beam Wind Profiler and Collocated Meteorological Tower
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)In this paper a five-beam wind profiler and a collocated meteorological tower are used to estimate the accuracy of four-beam and three-beam wind profiler techniques in measuring horizontal components of the wind. In the ... -
Compact and Low-Power Diode Laser Hygrometer for Weather Balloons
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)A vertical cavity laser hygrometer has been developed for balloon-borne measurements. This hygrometer meets many of the specifications that are required for common weather balloon instrumentation, including weight, size, ... -
Ice-Draft Profiling from Bottom-Mounted ADCP Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)The feasibility of ice-draft profiling using an upward-looking bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) is demonstrated. Ice draft is determined as the difference between the instrument depth, derived from ... -
Observations of the Small-Scale Variability of Precipitation Using an Imaging Radar
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)For many years, spatial and temporal inhomogeneities in precipitation fields have been studied using scanning radars, cloud radars, and disdrometers, for example. Each measurement technique has its own advantages and ... -
Using Sun Glint to Check the Relative Calibration of Reflected Spectral Radiances
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Observations of sunlight reflected from regions of sun glint are used to check the relative calibration of spectral radiances obtained with imaging radiometers. Reflectances at different wavelengths for sun-glint regions ... -
Calibration Issues of Dual-Polarization Radar Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Techniques for the absolute calibration of radar reflectivity Z and differential reflectivity ZDR measured with dual-polarization weather radars are examined herein. Calibration of Z is based on the idea of self-consistency ... -
Passive Acoustic Detection and Measurement of Rainfall at Sea
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Rainfall over the ocean is one of the most important climatic parameters for both oceanic and atmospheric science. Traditional accumulation-type rain gauges are difficult to operate at sea, and so an alternate technique ... -
Determination of an Amazon Hot Reference Target for the On-Orbit Calibration of Microwave Radiometers
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)A physically based model is developed to determine hot calibration reference brightness temperatures (TBs) over depolarized regions in the Amazon rain forest. The model can be used to evaluate the end-to-end calibration ... -
Intercomparison between GOME Ozone Profiles Retrieved by Neural Network Inversion Schemes and ILAS Products
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) is a spectrometer boarded on the European Space Agency (ESA) Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS)-2, which measures, in a nadir-viewing geometry, the solar radiation that is scattered ... -
Stratocumulus Liquid Water Content from Dual-Wavelength Radar
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)A technique is described to retrieve stratocumulus liquid water content (LWC) using the differential attenuation measured by vertically pointing radars at 35 and 94 GHz. Millimeter-wave attenuation is proportional to LWC ... -
Calibration of Dual-Polarization Radar in the Presence of Partial Beam Blockage
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)In the presence of partial beam blockage (PBB), weather radar measurements can experience significant bias that directly compromises the accuracy of the hydrologic applications. Techniques for the calibration of the radar ... -
Evaluation of Attenuation Correction Methodology for Dual-Polarization Radars: Application to X-Band Systems
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Monitoring of precipitation using high-frequency radar systems, such as the X band, is becoming increasingly popular because of their lower cost compared to their S-band counterpart. However, at higher frequencies, such ... -
Assimilation of Wind Profiler Data in the Canadian Meteorological Centre’s Analysis Systems
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Real-time horizontal wind observations from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration?s (NOAA?s) Profiler Network (NPN) are assessed in preparation for their assimilation in the Canadian Meteorological Centre ... -
Drop Axis Ratios from a 2D Video Disdrometer
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Results from an experiment to measure the drop shapes using a 2D video disdrometer (2DVD) are reported. Under calm conditions, drops were generated from a hose located on a bridge 80 m above ground, this height being ... -
Air Temperature Measurement Errors in Naturally Ventilated Radiation Shields
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Two sources of systematic errors are considered for estimating air temperature. The first source is ambiguity of the definition of the standardized measurement height over vegetated surfaces of varying heights. Without ... -
Identifying Doppler Velocity Contamination Caused by Migrating Birds. Part II: Bayes Identification and Probability Tests
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Based on the Bayesian statistical decision theory, a probabilistic quality control (QC) technique is developed to identify and flag migrating-bird-contaminated sweeps of level II velocity scans at the lowest elevation angle ... -
Identifying Doppler Velocity Contamination Caused by Migrating Birds. Part I: Feature Extraction and Quantification
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Radar echoes from migrating birds can severely contaminate Doppler velocity measurements. For meteorological applications, especially quantitative applications in radar data assimilation, it is necessary to remove ... -
Monitoring the Reflectivity Calibration of a Scanning Radar Using a Profiling Radar and a Disdrometer
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)This paper describes a method of absolutely calibrating and routinely monitoring the reflectivity calibration from a scanning weather radar using a vertically profiling radar that has been absolutely calibrated using a ... -
Bioluminescence Intensity Modeling and Sampling Strategy Optimization
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)The focus of this paper is on the development of methodology for short-term (1?3 days) oceanic bioluminescence (BL) predictions and the optimization of spatial and temporal bioluminescence sampling strategies. The approach ... -
Eddy-Induced Variability in a Transatlantic Section: Argo Observing System–Gyroscope 0302 Cruise Comparison
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Ocean hydrological sections provide a very useful mean to study the ocean circulation as well as to determine water mass properties and to estimate fluxes. One basic method for their analysis is the spatial interpolation ...