Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2101-2120 of 5084
-
Attenuation Calibration of an X-Band Weather Radar Using a Microwave Link
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The attenuation of a radar signal is a serious problem facing meteorologists and hydrologists. In heavy rain, reflectivity information can be completely lost from large portions of a radar scan. The problem is particularly ... -
Passive Acoustic Determination of Wave-Breaking Events and Their Severity across the Spectrum
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A passive acoustic method of detecting breaking waves of different scales has been developed. The method also showed promise for measuring breaking severity. Sounds were measured by a subsurface hydrophone in various wind ... -
Row-Action Inversion of the Barrick–Weber Equations
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The Barrick?Weber equations describe the interaction of radar signals with the dynamic ocean surface, and so provide a mathematical basis for oceanic remote sensing. This report considers the inversion of these equations ... -
Aliasing of Sea Level Sampled by a Single Exact-Repeat Altimetric Satellite or a Coordinated Constellation of Satellites: Analytic Aliasing Formulas
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The aliasing problem for exact-repeat altimetric satellite sampling is solved analytically by the least squares method. To make the problem tractable, the latitudinal extent of the problem needs to be moderate for the ... -
Sea Surface Temperature Patterns on the West Florida Shelf Using Growing Hierarchical Self-Organizing Maps
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Neural network analyses based on the self-organizing map (SOM) and the growing hierarchical self-organizing map (GHSOM) are used to examine patterns of the sea surface temperature (SST) variability on the West Florida Shelf ... -
Solar Irradiance and Effective Brightness Temperature for SWIR Channels of AVHRR/NOAA and GOES Imagers
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Satellite observations in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) part of spectrum between 3.5 and 4.0 ?m deliver critically important information for many applications. The satellite signal in this spectral band consists of ... -
Quality Control of Weather Data during Extreme Events
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Quality assurance (QA) procedures have been automated to reduce the time and labor necessary to discover outliers in weather data. Measurements from neighboring stations are used in this study in a spatial regression test ... -
The Value of Routine Site Visits in Managing and Maintaining Quality Data from the Oklahoma Mesonet
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The Oklahoma Mesonet, jointly operated by the University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University, is a network of 116 environmental monitoring stations across Oklahoma. Technicians at the Oklahoma Mesonet perform three ... -
Determining Bottom Reflectance and Water Optical Properties Using Unmanned Underwater Vehicles under Clear or Cloudy Skies
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)An unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) with hyperspectral optical sensors that measure downwelling irradiance and upwelling radiance was deployed over sandy bottoms, sea grass patches, and coral reefs near Lee Stocking Island, ... -
Resolution Enhancement Technique Using Range Oversampling
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A novel resolution enhancement technique using range oversampling (RETRO) is presented. Oversampled signals are radar returns from shifted and overlapped resolution volumes in range. It has been recently shown that these ... -
Estimation of Tropospheric Temperature Trends from MSU Channels 2 and 4
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The problems inherent in the estimation of global tropospheric temperature trends from a combination of near-nadir Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) channel-2 and -4 data are described. The authors show that insufficient overlap ... -
Toward Estimating Climatic Trends in SST. Part III: Systematic Biases
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A method is developed to quantify systematic errors in two types of sea surface temperature (SST) observations: bucket and engine-intake measurements. A simple linear model is proposed where the SST measured using a bucket ... -
A New Approach to Estimate Directional Spreading Parameters of a Cosine-2s Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)For accurate and consistent estimates of the directional spreading parameter and mean wave direction of directional seas based on a cosine-2s directional spreading model, a new approach is proposed, employing a maximum ... -
Toward Estimating Climatic Trends in SST. Part I: Methods of Measurement
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)To assess climatic changes in sea surface temperature (SST), changes in the measurement method with time and the effect of these changes on the mean SST must be quantified. Observations from the International Comprehensive ... -
Immersion Factor of In-Water Radiance Sensors: Assessment for a Class of Radiometers
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The spectral immersion factor of in-water radiance sensors If quantifies the effects of changes in the sensor's response when operated in water versus in air. The values of If are currently computed with a relationship ... -
Toward Estimating Climatic Trends in SST. Part II: Random Errors
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Random observational errors for sea surface temperature (SST) are estimated using merchant ship reports from the International Comprehensive Ocean?Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) for the period of 1970?97. A statistical ... -
Ocean Wave Directional Spectra Estimation from an HF Ocean Radar with a Single Antenna Array: Methodology
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A method to estimate ocean wave directional spectra using a high-frequency (HF) ocean radar was developed. The governing equations of wave spectra are integral equations of first- and second-order radar cross sections, the ... -
Raman Lidar Measurements during the International H2O Project. Part II: Case Studies
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The NASA GSFC Scanning Raman Lidar (SRL) participated in the International H2O Project (IHOP) that occurred in May and June 2002 in the midwestern part of the United States. The SRL system configuration and methods of data ... -
Evaluation of a Triple-Axis Coherent Doppler Velocity Profiler for Measuring Near-Bed Flow: A Field Study
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Collocated detailed measurements of near-bed turbulent and intrawave flow are important for studying sediment transport processes and seabed evolution. Existing commercially available triple-axis profiling instruments do ... -
An OSSE Framework Based on the Ensemble Square Root Kalman Filter for Evaluating the Impact of Data from Radar Networks on Thunderstorm Analysis and Forecasting
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A framework for Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) based on the ensemble square root Kalman filter (EnSRF) technique for assimilating data from more than one radar network is described. The system is tested ...