Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions

Now showing items 1341-1360 of 5084

    • Understanding Thermal Drift in Liquid Nitrogen Loads Used for Radiometric Calibration in the Field 

      Paine, Scott N.; Turner, David D.; Küchler, Nils (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      n absorbing load in a liquid nitrogen bath is commonly used as a radiance standard for calibrating radiometers operating at microwave to infrared wavelengths. It is generally assumed that the physical temperature of the ...

    • Evaluation of the New Version of the Laser-Optical Disdrometer, OTT Parsivel2 

      Tokay, Ali; Wolff, David B.; Petersen, Walter A. (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      comparative study of raindrop size distribution measurements has been conducted at NASA?s Goddard Space Flight Center where the focus was to evaluate the performance of the upgraded laser-optical OTT Particle Size Velocity ...

    • Reduced-Rank Sigma-Point Kalman Filter and Its Application in ENSO Model 

      Manoj, K. K.; Tang, Youmin; Deng, Ziwang; Chen, Dake; Cheng, Yanjie (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      he huge computational expense has been a main challenge while applying the sigma-point unscented Kalman filter (SPUKF) to a high-dimensional system. This study focuses on this issue and presents two methods to construct a ...

    • Using High-Speed Photography to Study Undercatch in Tipping-Bucket Rain Gauges 

      Duchon, Claude; Fiebrich, Christopher; Grimsley, David (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      o better understand the undercatch process associated with tipping-bucket rain gauges, a high-speed camera normally used in determining the structure of lightning was employed. The photo rate was set at 500 frames per ...

    • An Examination of the Feasibility of Linear Deterministic Sea Wave Prediction in Multidirectional Seas Using Wave Profiling Radar: Theory, Simulation, and Sea Trials 

      Belmont, M. R.; Christmas, J.; Dannenberg, J.; Hilmer, T.; Duncan, J.; Duncan, J. M.; Ferrier, B. (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      or a number of maritime tasks there is a short time period, typically only a few tens of seconds, where a critical event occurs that defines a limiting wave height for the whole operation. Examples are the recovery of fixed ...

    • Correction of Flux Valve–Based Heading for Improvement of Aircraft Wind Observations 

      Jacobs, Neil A.; Mulally, Daniel J.; Anderson, Alan K. (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      method for correcting the magnetic deviation error from planes using a flux valve heading sensor is presented. This error can significantly degrade the quality of the wind data reported from certain commercial airlines. A ...

    • Quality-Controlled Upper-Air Sounding Dataset for DYNAMO/CINDY/AMIE: Development and Corrections 

      Ciesielski, Paul E.; Yu, Hungjui; Johnson, Richard H.; Yoneyama, Kunio; Katsumata, Masaki; Long, Charles N.; Wang, Junhong; Loehrer, Scot M.; Young, Kathryn; Williams, Steven F.; Brown, William; Braun, John; Van Hove, Teresa (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      he upper-air sounding network for Dynamics of the Madden?Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) has provided an unprecedented set of observations for studying the MJO over the Indian Ocean, where coupling of this oscillation with ...

    • One- and Two-Dimensional Wind Speed Models for Ka-Band Altimetry 

      Lillibridge, John; Scharroo, Remko; Abdalla, Saleh; Vandemark, Doug (American Meteorological Society, 2013)
      ARAL?the Satellite with ARgos and ALtiKa?is the first satellite radar altimetry mission to fly a Ka-band instrument (AltiKa). Ocean backscatter measurements in the Ka band suffer larger signal attenuation due to water vapor ...

    • A Time Series Sodar Simulator Based on Large-Eddy Simulation 

      Wainwright, Charlotte E.; Stepanian, Phillip M.; Chilson, Phillip B.; Palmer, Robert D.; Fedorovich, Evgeni; Gibbs, Jeremy A. (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      sodar simulator capable of producing time series data emulating sodar signals has been developed and tested. The atmospheric fields used to populate the sodar simulator are taken from output of a large-eddy simulation code. ...

    • Opportunities to Intercalibrate Radiometric Sensors from International Space Station 

      Roithmayr, C. M.; Lukashin, C.; Speth, P. W.; Young, D. F.; Wielicki, B. A.; Thome, K. J.; Kopp, G. (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      ighly accurate measurements of Earth?s thermal infrared and reflected solar radiation are required for detecting and predicting long-term climate change. Consideration is given to the concept of using the International ...

    • Blending Surface Currents from HF Radar Observations and Numerical Modeling: Tidal Hindcasts and Forecasts 

      Stanev, E. V.; Ziemer, F.; Schulz-Stellenfleth, J.; Seemann, J.; Staneva, J.; Gurgel, K.-W. (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      n observation network operating three Wellen Radars (WERAs) in the German Bight, which are part of the Coastal Observing System for Northern and Arctic Seas (COSYNA), is presented in detail. Major consideration is given ...

    • Reducing Wave-Induced Microwave Water-Level Measurement Error with a Least Squares–Designed Digital Filter 

      Boon, John D. (American Meteorological Society, 2013)
      microwave water-level sensor, the Design Analysis model H-3611i, will soon enter service at tide stations operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration?s Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and ...

    • Radar Beam Tracing Methods Based on Atmospheric Refractive Index 

      Zeng, Yuefei; Blahak, Ulrich; Neuper, Malte; Jerger, Dorit (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      imulation of radar beam propagation is an important component of numerous radar applications in meteorology, including height assignment, quality control, and especially the so-called radar forward operator. Although beam ...

    • A Technique to Measure Ice Nuclei in the Contact Mode 

      Niehaus, Joseph; Bunker, Kristopher W.; China, Swarup; Kostinski, Alexander; Mazzoleni, Claudio; Cantrell, Will (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      his study presents a new technique to study ice nucleation by aerosols in the contact mode. Contact freezing depends upon the interaction of a supercooled droplet of water and an aerosol particle, with the caveat that the ...

    • Power Performance Measurements of the NREL CART-2 Wind Turbine Using a Nacelle-Based Lidar Scanner 

      Rettenmeier, Andreas; Schlipf, David; Würth, Ines; Cheng, Po Wen (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      ifferent certification procedures in wind energy, such as power performance testing or load estimation, require measurements of the wind speed, which is set in relation to the electrical power output or the turbine loading. ...

    • Validation of Salinity Data from Surface Drifters 

      Reverdin, G.; Morisset, S.; Boutin, J.; Martin, N.; Sena-Martins, M.; Gaillard, F.; Blouch, P.; Rolland, J.; Font, J.; Salvador, J.; Fernández, P.; Stammer, D. (American Meteorological Society, 2013)
      alinity measurements from 119 surface drifters in 2007?12 were assessed; 80% [Surface Velocity Program with a barometer with a salinity sensor (SVP-BS)] and 75% [SVP with salinity (SVP-S)] of the salinity data were found ...

    • Detection and Estimation of Radar Reflectivity from Weak Echo of Precipitation in Dual-Polarized Weather Radars 

      Keränen, Reino; Chandrasekar, V. (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      n operational weather radar, precipitation echoes are often weak when compared to the underlying noise. Coherence properties of dual polarization can be used for enhancing the detection and for the improved estimation of ...

    • Trend and Variability of the Atmospheric Water Vapor: A Mean Sea Level Issue 

      Thao, Soulivanh; Eymard, Laurence; Obligis, Estelle; Picard, Bruno (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      he wet tropospheric path delay is presently the main source of error in the estimation of the mean sea level by satellite altimetry. This correction on altimetric measurements, provided by a dedicated radiometer aboard the ...

    • Computation of Geostrophic Streamfunction, Its Derivatives, and Error Estimates from an Array of CPIES in Drake Passage 

      Firing, Y. L.; Chereskin, T. K.; Watts, D. R.; Tracey, K. L.; Provost, C. (American Meteorological Society, 2013)
      urrent and pressure-recording inverted echo sounders (CPIES) were deployed in an eddy-resolving local dynamics array (LDA) in the eddy-rich polar frontal zone (PFZ) in Drake Passage as part of the cDrake experiment. Methods ...

    • A Low-Cost System for Measuring Horizontal Winds from Single-Engine Aircraft 

      Conley, Stephen A.; Faloona, Ian C.; Lenschow, Donald H.; Karion, Anna; Sweeney, Colm (American Meteorological Society, 2014)
      he implementation and accuracy of a low-rate (~1 Hz) horizontal wind measurement system is described for a fixed-wing aircraft without modification to the airframe. The system is based on a global positioning system (GPS) ...