Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4961-4980 of 13215
-
The Seasonal Variation of the Propagating Diurnal Tide in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere. Part II: The Role of Tidal Heating and Zonal Mean Winds
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)A linear mechanistic tidal model is used to understand the mechanisms responsible for the seasonal variation of the propagating diurnal tide in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere simulated in the Canadian Middle Atmosphere ... -
Wave-Packet Resonance: Instability of a Localized Barotropic Jet
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)A better physical understanding of the instability of a zonally varying basic flow may be gained by invoking the concept of wave-packet resonance, which complements the notions of absolute and convective instability. To ... -
A Numerical Investigation of Land Surface Water on Landfalling Hurricanes
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Little is known about the effects of surface water over land on the decay of landfalling hurricanes. This study, using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory hurricane ... -
Perturbation Technique to Retrieve Scattering Medium Stratification
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)It is well known that optical satellite remote sensing is mostly based on measurements of the radiance exiting the top of the earth's atmosphere and is interpreted using a comparison of the data with precalculated tables ... -
The Seasonal Cycle of Planetary Waves in the Winter Stratosphere
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)A simple mechanistic model, with time-independent planetary wave forcing at the lower boundary, is used to investigate the observed differences between the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and Southern Hemisphere (SH) stratospheric ... -
A New Dynamical Subgrid Model for the Planetary Surface Layer. Part I: The Model and A Priori Tests
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)A new dynamical subgrid model for turbulent flow in the surface layer of the planetary boundary layer is presented. In this formulation, the flow is decomposed into small (subgrid) and large (resolved) scales in the spirit ... -
Aerosol Effects on Cloud Emissivity and Surface Longwave Heating in the Arctic
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Increases in anthropogenic aerosols in the atmosphere tend to increase the reflectance of solar (shortwave) radiation from water clouds, which can lead to lower surface temperatures. Here an opposing effect whereby aerosols ... -
Freezing Drizzle Formation in Stably Stratified Layer Clouds: The Role of Radiative Cooling of Cloud Droplets, Cloud Condensation Nuclei, and Ice Initiation
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)This study evaluates the role of 1) low cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) conditions and 2) preferred radiative cooling of large cloud drops as compared to small cloud drops, on cloud droplet spectral broadening and subsequent ... -
Radiative Forcing of Saharan Dust: GOCART Model Simulations Compared with ERBE Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)This study uses information on Saharan aerosol from a dust transport model to calculate radiative forcing values. The transport model is driven by assimilated meteorological fields from the Goddard Earth Observing System ... -
Aerosol Influence on Cloud Microphysics Examined by Satellite Measurements and Chemical Transport Modeling
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Anthropogenic aerosols are hypothesized to decrease cloud drop radius and increase cloud droplet number concentration enhancing cloud optical depth and albedo. Here results have been used from a chemical transport model ... -
Aerosol Radiative Forcing Derived from SeaWiFS-Retrieved Aerosol Optical Properties
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)To understand climatic implications of aerosols over global oceans, the aerosol optical properties retrieved from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) are analyzed, and the effects of the aerosols on the ... -
Three Different Behaviors of Liquid Water Path of Water Clouds in Aerosol–Cloud Interactions
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Estimates of the indirect aerosol effect in GCMs assume that either cloud liquid water path is constant (Twomey effect) or increases with increased droplet number concentration (drizzle-suppression or Albrecht effect). On ... -
Daytime Variation of Shortwave Direct Radiative Forcing of Biomass Burning Aerosols from GOES-8 Imager
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Hourly Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-8 (GOES-8) imager data (1344?1944 UTC) from 20 July?31 August 1998 were used to study the daytime variation of shortwave direct radiative forcing (SWARF) of smoke ... -
Model Assessment of the Ability of MODIS to Measure Top-of-Atmosphere Direct Radiative Forcing from Smoke Aerosols
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The new generation of satellite sensors such as the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) will be able to detect and characterize global aerosols with an unprecedented accuracy. The question remains whether ... -
GCM Simulations of the Aerosol Indirect Effect: Sensitivity to Cloud Parameterization and Aerosol Burden
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)In this paper the coupling of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) general circulation model (GCM) to an online sulfur chemistry model and source models for organic matter and sea salt that is used to estimate ... -
Aerosol Radiative Impact on Spectral Solar Flux at the Surface, Derived from Principal-Plane Sky Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Accurate measurements of the spectral solar flux reaching the surface in cloud-free conditions are required to determine the aerosol radiative impact and to test aerosol models that are used to calculate radiative forcing ... -
Atmospheric Aerosol Optical Properties in the Persian Gulf
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Aerosol optical depth measurements over Bahrain acquired through the ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) are analyzed. Optical depths obtained from ground-based sun/sky radiometers showed a pronounced temporal ... -
Comparison of Aerosol Single Scattering Albedos Derived by Diverse Techniques in Two North Atlantic Experiments
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Aerosol single scattering albedo ? (the ratio of scattering to extinction) is important in determining aerosol climatic effects, in explaining relationships between calculated and measured radiative fluxes, and in retrieving ... -
Limits to the Aerosol Indirect Radiative Effect Derived from Observations of Ship Tracks
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)One-kilometer Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) observations of the effects of ships on low-level clouds off the west coast of the United States are used to derive limits for the degree to which clouds might ... -
Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Aerosols and Trace Gases by Means of Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer. Part II: Climatological Applications
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Measurements from ground-based sun photometer networks can be used both to provide ground-truth validation of satellite aerosol retrievals and to produce a land-based aerosol climatology that is complementary to satellite ...