Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4901-4920 of 13215
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On the High-Wavenumber Form of the Eulerian Internal Wave Spectrum in the Atmosphere
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The theoretical model of the atmospheric internal wave spectrum developed here takes into account the influence of strong wave interactions caused by nonlinearity of Eulerian motion equations on the high-wavenumber form ... -
Effects of Tropospheric Wind Shear on the Spectrum of Convectively Generated Gravity Waves
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The authors examine the effects of tropospheric wind shear on the phase speed spectrum of gravity waves generated by tropical convection. A two-dimensional cloud-resolving model is used to perform numerous squall line ... -
The Importance of Three Physical Processes in a Minimal Three-Dimensional Tropical Cyclone Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The minimal three-dimensional tropical cyclone model developed by Zhu et al. is used to explore the role of shallow convection, precipitation-cooled downdrafts, and the vertical transport of momentum by deep convection on ... -
EDITORIAL
(American Meteorological Society, 2002) -
Observed Microphysical Structure of Midlevel, Mixed-Phase Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)This paper analyzes airborne measurements of six midlevel clouds observed over the Great Plains of the United States in late 1999 and early 2000 during the fifth of the Complex Layered-Cloud Experiments (CLEX-5). Data show ... -
Interactions between Tropical Convection and Its Environment: An Energetics Analysis of a 2D Cloud Resolving Simulation
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The phase relation between the perturbation kinetic energy (K?) associated with the tropical convection and the horizontal-mean moist available potential energy (P) associated with environmental conditions is investigated ... -
The Hadley Circulation and the Weak Temperature Gradient Approximation
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The weak temperature gradient (WTG) approximation is applied to simple shallow-water models of the Hadley circulation. While it is difficult to formally justify the use of the WTG approximation for this problem, the derived ... -
Large Eddy Simulation of Internal Boundary Layers Created by a Change in Surface Roughness
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Turbulence in a ?-mesoscale internal boundary layer (IBL) formed by a discontinuous change in surface roughness has been investigated using a large eddy simulation (LES) model to explicitly treat turbulent transport. Two ... -
Observations of Variability on Synoptic Timescales in the East Pacific ITCZ
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Data obtained in the eastern Pacific intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) during the Tropical Eastern Pacific Process Study (TEPPS) show a 3?6-day variability. The NOAA ship Ronald H. Brown collected surface meteorological ... -
A Multiparcel Model for Shallow Cumulus Convection
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)A new parameterization for cumulus convection is formulated, that consists of an ensemble of small, rising parcels. Large eddy simulation (LES) results are used to parameterize the lateral mixing of such a parcel: for the ... -
Large-Scale Modes of a Nonrotating Atmosphere with Water Vapor and Cloud–Radiation Feedbacks
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)A minimal model of a moist equatorial atmosphere is presented in which the precipitation rate is assumed to depend on just the vertically averaged saturation deficit and the convective available potential energy. When ... -
Multiscale Bounded Derivative Initialization for an Arbitrary Domain
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The bounded derivative theory (BDT) for hyperbolic systems with multiple timescales was originally applied to the initialization problem for large-scale shallow-water flows in the midlatitudes and near the equator. Concepts ... -
Observations of Three-Dimensional Radiative Effects that Influence MODIS Cloud Optical Thickness Retrievals
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)When cloud properties are retrieved from satellite observations, current calculations apply one-dimensional (1D) theory to the three-dimensional (3D) world: they consider only vertical processes and ignore horizontal ... -
Representing Drag on Unresolved Terrain as a Distributed Momentum Sink
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)In numerical weather prediction models, drag on unresolved terrain is usually represented by augmenting the boundary drag on the model atmosphere, in terms of an effective surface roughness length. But as is shown here, ... -
The Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation: Relationship between Northward and Eastward Movement of Convection
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The summertime intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) is an important component of the south Asian monsoon. Lagged regressions of intraseasonally filtered (25?80 days) outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) reveal that centers of ... -
Eulerian Variational Principles for Stratified Hydrostatic Equations
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The aim of this paper is to advocate the use of variational and Hamiltonian formulations of the hydrostatic equations of motion in finding new conservative numerical techniques for forecast models. For that reason, the ... -
Molecular Line Absorption in a Scattering Atmosphere. Part III: Pathlength Characteristics and Effects of Spatially Heterogeneous Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The paper analyzes the influence of horizontal variability of clouds on sunlight reflected in a narrow portion of the solar spectrum and how this influence affects the ability to estimate cloud properties from measurements ... -
An Improved Model for the Turbulent PBL
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Second-order turbulence models of the Mellor and Yamada type have been widely used to simulate the planetary boundary layer (PBL). It is, however, known that these models have several deficiencies. For example, assuming ... -
Mean-State Convective Circulations over Large-Scale Tropical SST Gradients
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)The dynamical balance of the mean tropical atmospheric circulation maintained over large-scale SST gradients is analyzed. To first order, the strength of the circulation is determined by the subsidence rate in the dry ... -
Major Components of Aerosols in North China: Desert Region and the Yellow Sea in the Spring and Summer of 1995 and 1996
(American Meteorological Society, 2002)Aerosol samples were collected from the northwest China desert region (i.e., Minqin), a coastal suburb area (i.e., Qingdao), and an island from the Yellow Sea (i.e., Qianliyan), respectively, in spring and summer of 1995 ...