Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4581-4600 of 13215
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An Assessment of the Parameterization of Subgrid-Scale Cloud Effects on Radiative Transfer. Part I: Vertical Overlap
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Different approaches for parameterizing the effects of vertical variability of cloudiness on radiative transfer are assessed using a database constructed from observations derived from lidar and millimeter cloud radar data ... -
Reexamining the Dynamics of Short-Scale, Diabatic Rossby Waves and Their Role in Midlatitude Moist Cyclogenesis
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)As a step toward a more comprehensive study of the physical processes that underlie explosive cyclogenesis, a two-dimensional, semigeostrophic model with a now standard parameterization of latent heat release is used to ... -
The Completeness of Eigenfunctions of the Tidal Equation on an Equatorial Beta Plane
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The approximate tidal theory on an equatorial beta plane has been widely applied to tropical atmospheric dynamics. There are many successful examples of such applications. However, the mathematical and physical origin of ... -
Clouds and Shortwave Fluxes at Nauru. Part I: Retrieved Cloud Properties
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The datasets currently being collected at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program's sites on the islands of Nauru and Manus represent the longest time series of ground-based cloud measurements available in the ... -
Factors Governing Cellular Convection in Orographic Precipitation
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The development of shallow cellular convection in warm orographic clouds is investigated through idealized numerical simulations of moist flow over topography using a cloud-resolving numerical model. Buoyant instability, ... -
Three-Dimensional Structure of Forced Gravity Waves and Lee Waves
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The three-dimensional structure of lee waves is investigated using a combination of linear analysis and numerical simulation. The forcings are represented by flow over a single wave (monochromatic) in the along-stream ... -
Sensitivity of Orographic Precipitation to Changing Ambient Conditions and Terrain Geometries: An Idealized Modeling Perspective
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)This paper utilizes the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University?National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU?NCAR) mesoscale model (MM5) in a two-dimensional (2D) configuration at 4-km horizontal grid spacing in ... -
Transport of Carbon Dioxide in the Presence of Storm Systems over a Northern Wisconsin Forest
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Mixing ratios of CO2 often change abruptly in the presence of inclement weather and low pressure systems. Water vapor mixing ratio, temperature, wind speed, and wind direction data are used to infer that the abrupt changes ... -
Variability of Turbulence and Its Outer Scales in a Model Tropopause Jet
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Variability of flow regimes and turbulence scalings in a model of an inhomogeneously stratified, tropopause jet is investigated through high-resolution, forced, three-dimensional numerical simulations (with 512 or 1024 ... -
The Structure of the Near-Neutral Atmospheric Surface Layer
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Recent observational data (turbulence variables by sonic anemometers and three-dimensional flow pattern by Doppler lidar), obtained during the Cooperative Atmosphere Surface Exchange Study field campaign in October 1999 ... -
PBL Stratiform Cloud Inhomogeneities Thermally Induced by the Orography: A Parameterization for Climate Models
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)This paper proposes a parameterization for use in climate models of the orographic variance and associated thermal circulation's impact on the macroscopic behavior of planetary boundary layer (PBL) stratiform clouds. ... -
Growth Rates and Habits of Ice Crystals between −20° and −70°C
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)A laboratory study of ice crystal growth characteristics at temperatures between ?20° and ?70°C has been performed at ice supersaturations and pressures comparable with those in the atmosphere using a horizontal static ... -
Intercomparison of Satellite Retrieved Aerosol Optical Depth over the Ocean
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)For an 8-month period aerosol optical depth (AOD) is compared, derived over global oceans with five different retrieval algorithms applied to four satellite instruments flown on board three satellite platforms. The Advanced ... -
Structures and Dynamics of Quasi-2D Mesoscale Convective Systems
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Recently, three distinct archetypes for midlatitude linear mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) have been identified. This article focuses on the fundamentals of two of these archetypes: convective lines with trailing ... -
Uncertainties in the Radiative Forcing Due to Sulfate Aerosols
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Radiative transfer calculations based on a new sulfate distribution from a chemistry-transport model simulation have been performed. A wide range of sensitivity experiments have been performed to illustrate the large ... -
Explicit Simulations of the Intertropical Convergence Zone
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is one of the most important components of the global circulation. In order to understand the dynamical processes that regulate its formation, latitudinal preference, and structure, ... -
Generation of Mesoscale Gravity Waves in Upper-Tropospheric Jet–Front Systems
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Multiply nested mesoscale numerical simulations with horizontal resolution up to 3.3 km are performed to study the generation of mesoscale gravity waves during the life cycle of idealized baroclinic jet?front systems. ... -
Observations of Particle Size and Phase in Tropical Cyclones: Implications for Mesoscale Modeling of Microphysical Processes
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Mesoscale model simulations of tropical cyclones are sensitive to representations of microphysical processes, such as fall velocities of frozen hydrometeors. The majority of microphysical parameterizations are based on ... -
Nonlinear Effects on ENSO's Period
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The dependence of ENSO's period on its amplitude is examined using a simple delayed oscillator model. This dependence is first calculated in the strongly nonlinear regime by extracting and analyzing unstable periodic orbits ... -
Prognostic Equations for Cloud Fraction and Liquid Water, and Their Relation to Filtered Density Functions
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)This paper derives prognostic equations for cloud fraction and specific liquid water content. Such equations are carried by host models in order to provide more accurate forcing of microphysical and radiative parameterizations. ...