Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4501-4520 of 13215
-
Nonconservation of Ertel Potential Vorticity in Hydrogen Atmospheres
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The compositions of the atmospheres of the outer planets are dominated by molecular hydrogen. The hydrogen ortho and para forms (proton spins parallel and antiparallel) are observed to have ratios that are not in thermodynamic ... -
Quasi-Lagrangian Large Eddy Simulations of Cross-Equatorial Flow in the East Pacific Atmospheric Boundary Layer
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Using a large eddy simulation (LES), the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is numerically modeled along 95°W from 8°S to 4°N during boreal autumn, and compared to observations from the East Pacific Investigation of Climate ... -
Gravity Wave Generation by a Three-Dimensional Thermal Forcing
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Thermal forcing is one of the mechanisms of wave generation in convection. Although it does not account for all the wave generation mechanisms, thermal forcing is a good proxy for estimating the gravity wave spectrum forced ... -
Mesoscale Predictability of Moist Baroclinic Waves: Experiments with Parameterized Convection
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Recent papers by the authors demonstrated the possible influence of initial errors of small amplitude and scale on the numerical prediction of the ?surprise? snowstorm of 24?25 January 2000. They found that initial errors ... -
Imbalance in a Mesoscale Vortex within a Midlatitude, Continental Mesoscale Convective System
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The authors examine the degree of hydrostatic and gradient balances in a mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) in the stratiform region of a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that crossed Oklahoma on 1 August 1996. Results ... -
Toward Numerical Modeling in the “Terra Incognita”
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)In mesoscale modeling the scale l of the energy- and flux-containing turbulence is much smaller than the scale ? of the spatial filter used on the equations of motion, and in large-eddy simulation (LES) it is much larger. ... -
Airborne Characterization of the Chemical, Optical, and Meteorological Properties, and Origins of a Combined Ozone-Haze Episode over the Eastern United States
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Airborne observations of trace gases, particle size distributions, and particle optical properties were made during a constant altitude transect from New Hampshire to Maryland on 14 August 2002, the final day of a multiday ... -
Numerical Simulation of Cloud–Clear Air Interfacial Mixing
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)This paper discusses results from a series of direct numerical simulations of the microscale cloud?clear air mixing, set forth in the idealized scenario of decaying moist turbulence. In the moist case, kinetic energy of ... -
Dynamical Mechanisms for Stratospheric Influences on the Troposphere
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The dynamical mechanisms through which stratospheric forcing can influence tropospheric annular modes are explored. A torque is applied to the stratosphere of an idealized general circulation model, and, under some ... -
Lagrangian Available Energetics and Parcel Instabilities
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)A new derivation of local available energy for a compressible, multicomponent fluid whose base state need not be one of rest that allows for frictional and diabatic processes is presented. The available energy is the sum ... -
The Role of Moisture in the Dynamics and Energetics of Turbulent Baroclinic Eddies
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The effects of moisture on nonlinear baroclinic eddies are examined in the context of a horizontally homogeneous two-layer quasigeostrophic model. Using an explicit equation for moisture and a simple parameterization of ... -
Surface Layer Turbulence Measurements during a Frontal Passage
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Very little is known about the nature of turbulence in the transition zone of a synoptic-scale cold front, especially at the dissipative scales. Lacking this knowledge, accurate models of surface frontogenesis are compromised. ... -
Dynamics of Model Error: The Role of Unresolved Scales Revisited
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)The dynamical and probabilistic aspects of model error arising from the neglect of unresolved scales and the concomitant reduction of phase space dimensionality of a reference system are analyzed. A general expression of ... -
The Liquid Water Oscillation in Modeling Boundary Layer Cumuli with Third-Order Turbulence Closure Models
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)A hierarchy of third-order turbulence closure models are used to simulate boundary layer cumuli in this study. An unrealistically strong liquid water oscillation (LWO) is found in the fully prognostic model, which predicts ... -
The Impact of Hail Size on Simulated Supercell Storms
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Variations in storm microstructure due to updraft strength, liquid water content, and the presence of dry layers, wind shear, and cloud nucleating aerosol concentrations are likely to lead to changes in hail sizes within ... -
Simulated Convective Lines with Leading Precipitation. Part II: Evolution and Maintenance
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)This article, the second of two describing a study in which the authors used idealized numerical simulations to investigate front-fed convective lines with leading stratiform precipitation (FFLS systems), addresses the ... -
A Common Misunderstanding about the Voigt Line Profile
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)In this short note, a misinterpretation of the Voigt line profile is pointed out, which is in several popular textbooks of atmospheric physics. The correct interpretation is given based on mathematical and physical arguments, ... -
Global and Seasonal Variations of Stratospheric Gravity Wave Activity Deduced from the CHAMP/GPS Satellite
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)Global analyses of gravity wave (GW) activity in the stratosphere are presented using radio occultation data from the Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) satellite. Temperature profiles obtained from CHAMP/ GPS radio ... -
The Importance of the Precipitation Mass Sink in Tropical Cyclones and Other Heavily Precipitating Systems
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)When water vapor is converted to cloud and precipitation and subsequently removed to the surface via precipitation, there is a corresponding hydrostatic pressure decrease due to the reduction of mass in the overlying column. ... -
Simulated Convective Lines with Leading Precipitation. Part I: Governing Dynamics
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)This article, the first of two describing a study in which the authors used idealized numerical simulations to investigate convective lines with leading precipitation, addresses the dynamics governing the systems' structures ...