Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3901-3920 of 13215
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Multiscale Observations of Hurricane Dennis (2005): The Effects of Hot Towers on Rapid Intensification
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)A synthesis of remote sensing and in situ observations throughout the life cycle of Hurricane Dennis (2005) during the NASA Tropical Cloud Systems and Processes (TCSP) experiment is presented. Measurements from the ER-2 ... -
Modeling Mesoscale Cellular Structures and Drizzle in Marine Stratocumulus. Part II: The Microphysics and Dynamics of the Boundary Region between Open and Closed Cells
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)This is the second of two companion papers on modeling of mesoscale cellular structures and drizzle in marine stratocumulus. In the first, aerosol?cloud?precipitation interactions and dynamical feedbacks were investigated ... -
An Extremum Solution of the Monin–Obukhov Similarity Equations
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)An extremum hypothesis of turbulent transport in the atmospheric surface layer is postulated. The hypothesis has led to a unique solution of Monin?Obukhov similarity equations in terms of simple expressions linking shear ... -
A Study of Cirrus Ice Particle Size Distribution Using TC4 Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)An analysis of two days of in situ observations of ice particle size spectra, in convectively generated cirrus, obtained during NASA?s Tropical Composition, Cloud, and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission is presented. The ... -
Observations of Seven African Easterly Waves in the East Atlantic during 2006
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)The African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA) experiment and its downstream NASA extension, NAMMA, provide an unprecedented detailed look at the vertical structure of consecutive African easterly waves. During ... -
Initial Development and Genesis of Hurricane Dolly (2008)
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Based on a successful cloud-resolving simulation with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model, this study examines key processes that led to the early development of Hurricane Dolly (2008). The initial development of ... -
Influence of Ice Crystal Aspect Ratio on the Evolution of Ice Size Spectra during Vapor Depositional Growth
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The relationship among aspect ratio, initial size, and the evolution of the size spectrum is explored for ice crystals growing by vapor deposition. Ice crystal evolution is modeled based on the growth of spheroids, and the ... -
Toward a Physically Based Gravity Wave Source Parameterization in a General Circulation Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Middle atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) must employ a parameterization for small-scale gravity waves (GWs). Such parameterizations typically make very simple assumptions about gravity wave sources, such as ... -
Theoretical Studies of Convectively Forced Mesoscale Flows in Three Dimensions. Part II: Shear Flow with a Critical Level
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)Convectively forced mesoscale flows in a shear flow with a critical level are theoretically investigated by obtaining analytic solutions for a hydrostatic, nonrotating, inviscid, Boussinesq airflow system. The response to ... -
Microphysics of Maritime Tropical Convective Updrafts at Temperatures from −20° to −60°
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Anvils produced by vigorous tropical convection contribute significantly to the earth?s radiation balance, and their radiative properties depend largely on the concentrations and sizes of the ice particles that form them. ... -
Resolution Dependence of the Tropopause Inversion Layer in an Idealized Model for Upper-Tropospheric Anticyclones
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)This note investigates the dependence of the extratropical tropopause inversion layer (TIL) on numerical resolution in an idealized modeling framework. Axisymmetric upper-tropospheric anticyclones are constructed by ... -
Velocity and Temperature Structure Functions in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere from High-Resolution Aircraft Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)High-resolution measurements obtained from NOAA ?best? atmospheric turbulence (BAT) probes mounted on an EGRETT high-altitude research aircraft were used to characterize turbulence in the upper troposphere and lower ... -
A Theory for Buoyancy and Velocity Scales in Deep Moist Convection
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Buoyancy and velocity scales for dry convection in statistical equilibrium were derived in the early twentieth century by Prandtl, but the scaling of convective velocity and buoyancy, as well as the fractional area coverage ... -
Insights into Cloud-Top Height and Dynamics from the Seasonal Cycle of Cloud-Top Heights Observed by MISR in the West Pacific Region
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)The connection between environmental stability and the height of tropical deep convective clouds is analyzed using stereo cloud height data from the Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR), focusing on the seasonal ... -
Convection in a Parameterized and Superparameterized Model and Its Role in the Representation of the MJO
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The behavior of convection and the Madden?Julian oscillation (MJO) is compared in two simulations from the same global climate model but with two very different treatments of convection: one has a conventional parameterization ... -
Diagnosis of the MJO Modulation of Tropical Cyclogenesis Using an Empirical Index
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The modulation of tropical cyclone activity by the Madden?Julian oscillation (MJO) is explored using an empirical genesis potential (GP) index. Composite anomalies of the genesis index associated with the different MJO ... -
Structure and Origin of the Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation over the Tropical Indian Ocean in Boreal Spring
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The structure and evolution features of the quasi-biweekly (10?20 day) oscillation (QBWO) in boreal spring over the tropical Indian Ocean (IO) are investigated using 27-yr daily outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and the ... -
Diagnosis of the Downstream Ridging Associated with Extratropical Transition Using Short-Term Ensemble Forecasts
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)The dynamical mechanisms that led to downstream ridging during the extratropical transition (ET) of Typhoons Tokage and Nabi are evaluated using data drawn from a cycling ensemble Kalman filter coupled with the Weather ... -
Rapid Development of the Tropical Cyclone Warm Core
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)This paper presents a simple theoretical argument to isolate the conditions under which a tropical cyclone can rapidly develop a warm-core thermal structure and subsequently approach a steady state. The theoretical argument ... -
Distribution of Helicity, CAPE, and Shear in Tropical Cyclones
(American Meteorological Society, 2010)The previous study of helicity, CAPE, and shear in Hurricane Bonnie (1998) was extended to all eight tropical cyclones sampled by NASA during the Convection and Moisture Experiments (CAMEX). Storms were categorized as ...