Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3301-3320 of 13215
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Linking Nonlinearity and Non-Gaussianity of Planetary Wave Behavior by the Fokker–Planck Equation
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)To link prominent nonlinearities in the dynamics of 500-hPa geopotential heights to non-Gaussian features in their probability density, a nonlinear stochastic model of atmospheric planetary wave behavior is developed. An ... -
Where is the Interface of the Stratocumulus-Topped PBL?
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Various locally defined (not horizontal mean) interfaces between the stratocumulus-topped PBL and the free atmosphere are investigated using a fine-resolution large-eddy simulation with a vertical grid spacing of about 4 ... -
Nonlocal Convective PBL Model Based on New Third- and Fourth-Order Moments
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)The standard approach to studying the planetary boundary layer (PBL) via turbulence models begins with the first-moment equations for temperature, moisture, and mean velocity. These equations entail second-order moments ... -
Zonal Momentum Budget of the Madden–Julian Oscillation: The Source and Strength of Equivalent Linear Damping
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Linear, dissipative models with resting base states are sometimes used in theoretical studies of the Madden?Julian oscillation (MJO). Linear mechanical damping in such models ranges from nonexistent to strong, since an ... -
The Impact of Zonal Propagation and Seeding on the Eddy–Mean Flow Equilibrium of a Zonally Varying Two-Layer Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)This paper investigates the role of zonal propagation for the equilibration of zonally varying flow. It is hypothesized that there exist two ideal limits, for very small or very large group speed. In the first limit the ... -
Analysis of an Idealized, Three-Dimensional Diabatic Rossby Vortex: A Coherent Structure of the Moist Baroclinic Atmosphere
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)The fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University?National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU?NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) is used to conduct a number of idealized numerical simulations to confirm recent findings of an ... -
A Large-Eddy Simulation Study of Anisotropy in Fair-Weather Cumulus Cloud Fields
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Causes of anisotropy in fair-weather cumulus cloud fields were investigated using quantitative measures of anisotropy and a large-eddy simulation (LES) model. Case six of the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) ... -
The Accuracy of Determining Three-Dimensional Radiative Transfer Effects in Cumulus Clouds Using Ground-Based Profiling Instruments
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Three-dimensional radiative transfer calculations are accurate, though computationally expensive, if the spatial distribution of cloud properties is known. The difference between these calculations and those using the much ... -
The Influence of Idealized Heterogeneity on Wet and Dry Planetary Boundary Layers Coupled to the Land Surface
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)This manuscript describes numerical experiments investigating the influence of 2?30-km striplike heterogeneity on wet and dry convective boundary layers coupled to the land surface. The striplike heterogeneity is shown to ... -
Parameterizing the Difference in Cloud Fraction Defined by Area and by Volume as Observed with Radar and Lidar
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Most current general circulation models (GCMs) calculate radiative fluxes through partially cloudy grid boxes by weighting clear and cloudy fluxes by the fractional area of cloud cover (Ca), but most GCM cloud schemes ... -
The Relative Importance of Scavenging, Oxidation, and Ice-Phase Processes in the Production and Wet Deposition of Sulfate
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)The relative importance of various processes to sulfate production and wet deposition is examined by using a cloud-resolving model coupled with a sulfate chemistry submodel. Results using different versions of the model ... -
Drag-Induced Transfer of Horizontal Momentum between Air and Raindrops
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)A theoretical model for unsteady drag-induced transfer of horizontal momentum between air and raindrops in moderate to heavy rainfall is presented. The model accounts for a two-way coupling in which the relative horizontal ... -
A New Multiscale Model for the Madden–Julian Oscillation
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)A multiscale model of the MJO is developed here that accounts, in a simplified fashion, for both the upscale transfer from synoptic to planetary scales of momentum and temperature from wave trains of thermally driven ... -
Explicit Filtering and Reconstruction Turbulence Modeling for Large-Eddy Simulation of Neutral Boundary Layer Flow
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Standard turbulence closures for large-eddy simulations of atmospheric flow based on finite-difference or finite-volume codes use eddy-viscosity models and hence ignore the contribution of the resolved subfilter-scale ... -
Numerical Study of the 10 January 1998 Lake-Effect Bands Observed during Lake-ICE
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)This paper presents the results of a series of idealized cloud resolving simulations of the evolution of moist roll convection observed as part of the Lake-Induced Convection Experiment (Lake-ICE) that took place during ... -
A Refinement of the Millionshchikov Quasi-Normality Hypothesis for Convective Boundary Layer Turbulence
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)The Millionshchikov hypothesis of quasi-normal distribution of fourth-order moments fails for convective conditions where the probability density functions of temperature and vertical velocity fluctuations are skewed. This ... -
The Impact of Ice Crystal Shapes, Size Distributions, and Spatial Structures of Cirrus Clouds on Solar Radiative Fluxes
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)The solar radiative properties of cirrus clouds depend on ice particle shape, size, and orientation, as well as on the spatial cloud structure. Radiation schemes in atmospheric circulation models rely on estimates of cloud ... -
Cyclogenetic Perturbations and Analysis Errors Decomposed into Singular Vectors
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Singular vectors (SVs) have been applied to cyclogenesis, to initializing ensemble forecasts, and in predictability studies. Ideally, the calculation of the SVs would employ the analysis error covariance norm at the initial ... -
A New Scaling for Tornado-Like Vortices
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)A new approach is presented for the nondimensionalization of the Navier?Stokes equations for tornado-like vortices. This scaling is based on the results of recent numerical simulations and physical reasoning. The method ... -
Filtering of Parameterized Nonorographic Gravity Waves in the Met Office Unified Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)This paper investigates the vertical filtering of parameterized gravity wave pseudomomentum flux in the troposphere?stratosphere version of the Met Office Unified Model. Gravity wave forcing is parameterized using the ...