Economical Aspects of Cutting Speed Selection When Turning Stepped Parts

Abstract

The concept is developed of analytical comparison between two methods of cutting speed selection when cutting stepped parts: the constant rpm method and constant cutting speed method. Formulas for cost and time of machining stepped parts are derived and analyzed for two different examples of stepped parts: short ones with large differences in diameters (turbine disk) and long ones with small differences in diameters (propeller shaft). The results presented in graphical form show the advisable operating regions for the use of one of the two methods considered. The effect of time required to change the rpm on the effectiveness of the constant speed method is examined and the limit of applicability is determined. It is found that a reduction of as much as 1/3 in cost and time may be obtained when the constant speed method is applied in the case of the turbine disk. It is noted also that the minimum-cost speed and minimum-time speed depend on the choice of the method and on the shape of the machined part as well. The conclusions set out the conditions under which the use of the constant cutting speed method is justified.