Understanding Magnetic Field Gradient Effect From a Liquid Metal Droplet Movement

Abstract

A two-dimensional liquid metal droplet moving into magnetic field gradient regions in a vacuum space in the absence of gravity has been simulated in VOF-CSF method. The general one-fluid VOF model for tracking free surfaces, and associated CSF model for applying surface tension to free surfaces are formulated. The calculations show us that the droplet encounters strong magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) drag from the field gradient along moving path. Interaction of liquid motion with a magnetic field induces electrical currents and Lorentz force on the droplet. The force is always to oppose the liquid motion in both increased and decreased field conditions. More attention is given to understanding the MHD equations and numerical results.