| description abstract | Toughness evaluation and durability analysis are two of the critical steps to design a toughened HDPE resin for durability in pipe applications. Durability analysis involves defect characterization, crack initiation and propagation mechanism, and long-term performance prediction. The methodology for durability analysis of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe will be discussed in this paper. Various analytical techniques, such as fractography, hot-stage microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), microtransmittance infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), have been used to characterize the defect properties and size distribution. Crack initiation and propagation mechanisms in HDPE have been analyzed by some accelerated tests and compared with that observed in the long-term hydrostatic pressure test. A new procedure for lifetime prediction of HDPE under creep is discussed based on the crack layer theory (Chudnovsky, A., 1984, NASA Contractor Report 174634). [S0094-9930(00)00802-7] | |
