Abstract: In the northern region of China, freeze–thaw cycles and chloride ion (Cl−) penetration are the primary factors affecting the durability of marine concrete. To investigate the influence of nanoparticles on the Cl− penetration ...

Abstract: Nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate) pollution remains one of the most common causes of surface water quality degradation. Previous studies explored the fractal scaling behavior of controlling factors, but few studies investigated ...