Abstract: he Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) system described in Part I of this study is compared with its corresponding three-dimensional variational data ...

Abstract: Abstract. In the field of heavy oil extraction, heat dissipation in the wellbore leads to uneven oil temperature distribution, severely restricting extraction efficiency. Traditional viscosity reduction methods have obvious ...

Abstract: his study examines precipitation climatology and interannual variability in two regions in the lower midlatitude Asia to the east and west of the Tibetan Plateau, one located in monsoonal East Asia (the M region) and the ...

Abstract: Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP), which is a natural extension of the linear singular vector into the nonlinear regime, is proposed in this study for the determination of sensitive areas in adaptive ...

Abstract: he study of evolution characteristics of initial perturbations is an important subject in four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVAR) and mesoscale predictability research. This paper evaluates the impact of ...

Abstract: AbstractPrecipitation extremes are expected to increase by 7% per degree of warming according to the Clausius?Clapeyron (CC) relation. However, this scaling behavior is inappropriate for high temperatures and short-duration ...

Abstract: Abstract The effects of water depth, bottom roughness, and latitude on tidal boundary layers, as well as on the resulting bedload transport, were investigated using a one-dimensional vertical tidal model with a two-equation ...