Abstract: After air and water mixing, the process of gas compression in the downcomer shaft or pipe of a hydraulic air compressor is considered nearly isothermal due to (i) the mass flow rate of water being typically of three orders ...

Abstract: Large district heating networks greatly benefit from topological changes brought by the construction of loops. The overall effects of malfunctions are smoothed, making existing networks intrinsically robust. In this paper, ...

Abstract: The direct heat exchange network (direct flow mixing network) and the indirect heat exchange network (exchanger network) are two of the elements that constitute a water network where heat and mass are transferred. When ...