Abstract: An important limitation of the ECMWF wind analyses has been the use of a nondivergent constraint on the analysis increments. We relax this constraint in the optimum interpolation analysis scheme and allow explicitly for ...

Abstract: A method for introducing bogus observations in the analysis of tropical cyclones has been tested for a period in 1991. The impacts have been evaluated for analyses, first-guess forecasts during data assimilation, and ...

Abstract: Operational forecasts from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts of three cases of explosive cyclogenesis of large magnitude that occurred in the North Atlantic during a 1-week period in January 1986 are ...