Abstract: Proper simulation of soil freezing and thawing processes is an important issue in cold region climate studies. This paper reports on a frozen soil parameterization scheme for cold region studies that includes water flow ...

Abstract: Deardorff's parameterization of the planetary boundary layer is adapted to drive a hydrologic model. The method converts the atmospheric conditions measured at the anemometer height at one site to the mean values in the ...

Abstract: To examine the seismic active pressure on retaining walls, the pseudo-dynamic method is adopted in deducing the formulas of seismic active earth pressure. The critical rupture angle is analytically solved on the basis of ...

Abstract: According the actual structure and working principle of a fuel injector to build a model of the common-rail injector, including the control valve, the solenoid valve, and the needle valve of the injector. The model includes ...

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of lower available capacity and shorter cycle life due to the barrel effect of series-connected batteries, as well as the problem of pseudo-equalization caused by battery aging, this paper ...