Abstract: n this study, based on the number of modes, the original three-dimensional Lorenz model (3DLM) is generalized with two additional modes [five-dimensional Lorenz model (5DLM)] to examine their role in the predictability of ...

Abstract: It is well known that there exist three singular points, U ? c = ±f/k and U = c, where the corresponding levels will be called inertia critical levels (ICLs) and the classic critical level (CCL), in the equation governing ...

Abstract: By revealing two kinds of attractor coexistence within Lorenz models, we suggest that the entirety of weather possesses a dual nature of chaos and order with distinct predictability.Over 50 years since Lorenz’s 1963 study ...