Abstract: This paper discusses the optimization problem of first-order design (FOD) of global positioning system (GPS) networks. The classical least-squares technique was revised for the formulation of the objective function of FOD ...

Abstract: Abstract. Laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) offers unique advantages for fabricating large-scale metallic components and repairing high-value parts. However, recurring interlayer porosity, particularly while depositing ...