Abstract: A finite difference procedure is employed to evaluate the primary flow field in two typical elbows. The first has an internal wall radius equal to the width; the internal radius of the second ...

Abstract: Previous reviews of the behavior of passive scalars which are convected and mixed by turbulent flows have focused primarily on the case when the Prandtl number Pr, or more generally, the ...

Abstract: This review article presents a state-of-the-art review of the ring and wall interactions in the case of normal and oblique collisions. The different approaches used to study this flow and the ...