Abstract: Abstract. Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a metal additive manufacturing process that uses a high-power laser to melt a predefined shape in a bed of metal powder, layer by layer. The size of the melted pool throughout ...

Abstract: This article discusses and analyzes the capabilities and limitations of a series of related controllers for Euler–Bernoulli beam vibration, and the powerful capabilities of a robust second-order sliding mode backstepping ...