Abstract: Although.there is some ambiguity in the description of the U.S. Navy Fleet fourth-order primitive-equation model developed by Mihok and Kaitala (1976), the finite differences used for the continuity equation and pressure ...

Abstract: The ?box-type? finite-difference method includes a weighted average of the pressure gradient with weights proportional to the surface of the grid walls. It is shown that this averaging introduces first-order truncation ...

Abstract: Numerical experiments show that blocking in a barotropic atmosphere can occur as a resonant enhancement of Rossby lee waves forced by two stationary sources of potential vorticity. In particular, if an upstream source of ...

Abstract: Inviscid, steady, stratified rotating flow over a finite, isolated topographic feature is critically analyzed. The formulation is based on approximating the horizontal momentum by the geostrophic momentum. A boundary value ...