Abstract: The imperfect trench installation method is used to reduce earth pressure on buried concrete pipes. Few quantitative refinements to the imperfect trench installation method, however, have been added since the fundamental ...

Abstract: Horizontally curved I-girders are subjected to combined vertical bending and torsion under gravity loads alone. The torsional behavior of open I-shaped girders is commonly and conveniently transformed to self-equilibrating ...

Abstract: Timber substructure bridges supported by three, four, or five piles were commonly used in Alabama in the past for secondary and county highway bridges. Because of the large number of such bridges in the state, the Alabama ...