Abstract: Precipitative softening is an option to remove silicon and boron from natural waters. Silicon was removed from hard waters by precipitative softening when the molar ratio of Mg:Si was less than 6:1 by the formation of an ...

Abstract: Sodium carbonate softening at pH 10.3 is a viable method of removing the inorganic contaminants arsenic, barium, chromium, strontium, and vanadium from drinking water sources. A broad survey revealed that removals varied ...