Abstract: The evolution and spatial distribution of the energetics of African waves are studied. Complete eddy energy equations for an open system are derived for the computation of energy transformations during wave generation and ...

Abstract: The relationship between African easterly waves and the background climatology in which they form is studied using a regional climate model. The surface and lateral boundary conditions in the model are manipulated to modify ...

Abstract: The relationship between the generation of African easterly waves and instability growing in regions with reversed potential vorticity gradients is studied using a regional climate model. Results indicate that the convective ...

Abstract: AbstractThe radiative and microphysical properties of Saharan dust are believed to impact the Atlantic regional climate and tropical cyclones (TCs), but the detailed mechanism remains uncertain. In this study, atmosphere-only ...