Abstract: The resistance induced by simulated emergent vegetation in open-channel flows has been interpreted differently in the literature, largely attributable to inconsistent uses of velocity and length scales in the definition ...

Abstract: Flow resistance in open channels is usually estimated by applying the approach that is developed originally for pipe flows. Such estimates may be useful for engineering applications but always differ from measurements to ...

Abstract: Using the plane mixing layer analogy, a length scale is proposed to normalize velocity profiles for vegetated open channel flows. The new scaling is an improvement over those based on the logarithmic, velocity-defect, and ...