Abstract: AbstractScanning electron microscope (SEM) fractographs are extensively used to analyze the ductile and ultra-low cycle fatigue fracture surfaces of structural steel. However, the two-dimensional (2D) nature of SEM images ...

Abstract: AbstractAxisymmetric circumferentially notched tension specimens with varying levels of triaxiality were subjected to monotonic tensile and ultralow-cycle-fatigue (ULCF) loading regimes. Scanning electron microscopy was ...