Abstract: Japanese weather modification activities have been surveyed. The principal works have evolved in three stages. During the early program from 1947 to 1960, the research was carried out in the major universities with sponsorship ...

Abstract: In a rising cloud parcel, a small droplet establishes quasi-steady-state fields of vapor density ? and temperature T around it, approximately satisfying the common relationship, ?2?=?2T=0, where ?2 is the Laplacian operator. ...

Abstract: A high-output airborne metaldehyde smoke generator was designed for cloud seeding purposes and tested on the ground and in cumulus clouds. The condensation method was employed for smoke production. Hot exhaust gas from the ...

Abstract: A detailed thermodynamical analysis of the glaciation of a supercooled cloud parcel has been carried out, applying a linear approximation to the vapor pressure curves for ice and water. The process can lead to three different ...

Abstract: The nucleation of freezing of supercooled water drops by metaldehyde, phloroglucinol and 1,5?dihydroxynaphthalene was studied. It was found that the threshold temperature for nucleation by contact of the particles with the ...

Abstract: A careful survey of the methods for measuring ice nucleation was made. Errors of previous investigations based on the relationship between the time lag of ice formation and the falling velocity of ice particles through a ...

Abstract: In order to improve the cloud seeding reaction, the basic processes in cloud microphysics and dynamics were critically examined. The disadvantage of the large temperature dependence in heterogeneous ice nucleation, as well ...

Abstract: It is proposed, for the interpretation of infrared absorption spectra carrying information of a planetary atmosphere and the condensing clouds, that the following three conditions must be considered: 1) the exchange of the ...

Abstract: Embryos in natural graupel particles were studied with a setereomicroscope by carefully disassembling samples gathered at two locations globally apart. For the majority of graupel particle clearly identifiable embryos did ...

Abstract: The ice forming ability of solid particles was tested at ?2 to ?3C after first cooling them to ?35 to ?78C. During the cooling process, the water vapor pressure over the solid particles was kept below ice saturation, in ...