Abstract: Stability of underground working depends on geomechanical properties of rocks as well as geometrical and operational parameters of excavation. In this study, a fuzzy rule-based method, minimizing the subjectivity in rock ...

Abstract: Reinforcement of disturbed or discontinuous rock strata by installing reinforcement bars (bolts) has always been the primary measure for stabilizing the ground. Bolts are generally installed perpendicular to a discontinuity ...

Abstract: Pressure data from 146 two-legged shields of capacity 1,152 t have been continuously collected from two longwall panels. The combined panel length is approximately 5 km. Geological variations of roof strata of these two ...