Abstract: Abstract Estimation of the relative density of sands at shallow depths is crucial for various geotechnical engineering applications (e.g., design of shallow foundations, pipelines, and scour). Free fall penetrometers (FFPs) ...

Abstract: Abstract This paper investigates the mechanical response of saturated fine-grained soils subjected to thermal loading under different states of stress. A thermoplastic soil constitutive model that incorporates stress-induced ...