Abstract: When the external sheath of flexible pipes experiences damage, seawater floods the annulus. Then, the external pressure is applied directly on the internal polymeric layer, and the load is transferred to the interlocked ...

Abstract: Dry collapse is one of the possible failure modes of flexible pipes. It refers to the situation in which no damage occurs in the flexible pipe external sheath. In this scenario, all layers of the pipe withstand the external ...

Abstract: Usually when a large internal fluid pressure acts on the inner walls of flexible pipes, the carcass layer is not loaded, as the first internal pressure resistance is given by the internal polymeric layer that transmits ...