Abstract: Abstract Calcareous sand, characterized by high porosity and fragile particle morphology, exhibits complex mechanical responses and particle breakage under multistage shear loading in coastal and seabed environments. This ...

Abstract: This paper presents an analytical study on the buckling of axially compressed cylindrical shells with arbitrary thickness imperfections (nonaxisymmetric and axisymmetric). First, the basic governing partial differential ...

Abstract: Abstract Calcareous sand is distinguished by its angular particle shape and high susceptibility to breakage during shearing. The particle size distribution (gradation), interparticle density, and particle strength play ...