Abstract: The adjoint method has been used in structural optimization to compute sensitivity coefficients of cost and constraint functions with respect to design parameters. The adjoint method involves the calculation of an adjoint ...

Abstract: A Lagrangian approach to design sensitivity analysis is presented. The final equations obtained by the Lagrangian approach are identical to those obtained by the adjoint method reviewed in the literature. The difference ...

Abstract: A methodology for complete automation of the conventional highway bridge design for minimum cost is presented. To make such an automated process practical and cost‐effective, efficient interface of three tasks—finite‐element ...