Abstract: Space related data is gathered in different places and by different services. Considerable duplication of effort to maintain the same data is obvious. The use of a distributed database management system to manage such data ...

Abstract: A classification of interactive graphic systems, currently used to prepare plans and maps in surveying practice, is presented. The first generation of systems are graphics editors storing drawings that can be graphically ...

Abstract: This paper introduces the surveying engineer to expert systems. Expert systems are computer systems that advise on or help solve real‐world problems requiring an expert's interpretation. They approach real‐world problems ...

Abstract: Expert system efforts of particular importance to the development of Geographic Information Systems are evaluated. Three general problem domains are identified as automated map design and generalization, terrain/feature ...