Abstract: Shales are clastic sedimentary rocks consisting mainly of clays, quartz, calcite, and fragments of organic matters. The latter is present as finely dispersed inclusions within the shale matrix. Organic matters, also known ...

Abstract: Drilling fluids are designed carefully to yield filter cakes with good performance. Fine-scale assessments have revealed that the filter cake has two distinct layers: an internal layer that is close to the surface and an ...

Abstract: Source rocks such as shale are highly heterogeneous, consisting of organic matter and various inorganic minerals. Microscopic images suggest that microcracks serve as conduits for the gas released from organic nanopores. ...