http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/19055 Mon, 20 Apr 2026 11:56:24 GMT 2026-04-20T11:56:24Z http://localhost:80/yetl1/bitstream/id/184257/ http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/19055 http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4310846 An In Vitro Platform for Pharmacokinetic Quantification and Optimization of Cerebrospinal Fluid Filtration and Drug Circulation Sass, Lucas R.; Khani, Mohammadreza; Giordano, Michael C.; McCabe, Aaron R.; Lad, Shivanand P.; Martin, Bryn A. Modification of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transport dynamics is an expanding method for treating central nervous system injury and diseases. One application of this route is to modify the distribution of solutes in the CSF; however, few tools currently exist for this purpose. The present study describes the use of a subject-specific in vitro CSF phantom to perform a parametric evaluation of the Neurapheresis™ CSF Management System (NP) for both CSF filtration and intrathecal drug circulation. An in vitro CSF phantom was constructed which included realistic anatomy for the complete subarachnoid space (SAS). This platform was configured to test multiple parametric modifications of a dual-lumen catheter and filtration system. Calibrated mapping of tracer distribution and area under the curve (AUC) measurements were used to compare filtration and intrathecal-circulation schemes using the NP device versus the clinical standards of care. The NP device showed potential advantages over lumbar drain (LD) for clearance of simulated subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), especially in the spinal canal. Use of the NP device in combination with simulated intracerebroventricular (ICV) drug infusion resulted in an increased extent and uniformity of tracer spread compared to ICV alone. NP improved clearance of simulated subarachnoid hemorrhage compared to LD and increased uniformity of tracer concentration via simulated ICV, providing support for NP use in these scenarios. The in vitro CSF phantom system presented here quantitatively described the effects of parametric boundary modification on solute distribution in the intrathecal space. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4310846 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4310657 Design and Implementation of a Computer-Controlled Hybrid Oscillatory Ventilator Cruz, Andrea F.; Herrmann, Jacob; Hajdarevic, Bakir; Hawley, Monica L.; Fox, Donald; Bates, Jason H. T.; Kaczka, David W. During mechanical ventilation, lung function and gas exchange in structurally heterogeneous lungs may be improved when volume oscillations at the airway opening are applied at multiple frequencies simultaneously, a technique referred to as multifrequency oscillatory ventilation (MFOV). This is in contrast to conventional high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), for which oscillatory volumes are applied at a single frequency. In the present study, as a means of fully realizing the potential of MFOV, we designed and tested a computer-controlled hybrid oscillatory ventilator capable of generating the flows, tidal volumes, and airway pressures required for MFOV, HFOV, conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV), as well as oscillometric measurements of respiratory impedance. The device employs an iterative spectral feedback controller to generate a wide range of oscillatory waveforms. The performance of the device meets that of commercial mechanical ventilators in volume-controlled mode. Oscillatory modes of ventilation also meet design specifications in a mechanical test lung, over frequencies from 4 to 20 Hz and mean airway pressure from 5 to 30 cmH2O. In proof-of-concept experiments, the oscillatory ventilator maintained adequate gas exchange in a porcine model of acute lung injury, using combinations of conventional and oscillatory ventilation modalities. In summary, our novel device is capable of generating a wide range of conventional and oscillatory ventilation waveforms with potential to enhance gas exchange, while simultaneously providing less injurious ventilation. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4310657 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4310616 Robotic Hand Exoskeletons for Rehabilitation and Assistance: A State-of-the-Art Chen, Bing; Wu, Yadong; Ni, Xiang; Qin, Laiyin; Li, Eric The number of patients with hand dysfunction is increasing worldwide, and their activities of daily living (ADLs) are seriously affected. Robotic medical devices such as robotic hand exoskeletons have been investigated to help restore and improve the hand functions of these patients. In comparison with the traditional therapies, robotic hand exoskeletons have the advantages of providing a controllable assistive force/torque, recording the wearer's motion data, and improving the wearer's voluntary participation and motivation in the rehabilitation, which can improve the hand rehabilitation efficiency. Currently, there is a lack of systematic reviews of robotic hand exoskeletons. This paper presents a systematic review of robotic hand exoskeletons. Six electronic databases are searched using the same keywords, and a total of 86 papers that meet the inclusion criteria are selected for this review. The biomechanics of a human hand is introduced. The design concepts of robotic hand exoskeletons are also proposed, which include the actuator design and configuration, human-machine kinematic compatibility, and design of degrees-of-freedom (DOFs). Additionally, the control strategies of robotic hand exoskeletons are described. Finally, the limitations of the currently available robotic hand exoskeletons and their possible future research and development directions are discussed. The significance of this review is to provide useful information for the engineers and researchers to develop robotic hand exoskeletons with practical and plausible applications. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4310616 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4310606 Cost-Effective Clinical Methods to Evaluate the Efficacy of Gait Training Devices: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials B. V., Clinton Wilson; D. S., Mohan Varma This systematic review was aimed at identifying cost-effective outcome assessment metrics to perform clinical trials for assessing the efficacy of novel, low-cost gait training devices. The search was conducted by the investigators through electronic databases, namely, SCOPUS (91), Web of Science (93), PubMed (141), and Cochrane Library (164), from origination to Mar. 31, 2024. The study design was a preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) style systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of robotic gait training devices (RGTDs) that treated stroke patients. Based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 randomized controlled trials were studied to identify suitable outcome assessment measures. This involved 705 patients at different stages of stroke, who were treated with different intervention durations, devices, randomization, and blinding methods. It was observed from the extensive clinical trials with the RGTDs that it was tested with a variety of assessment methods. Cost-effective outcome assessment measures that require commonly available materials are chosen and discussed in this review. It is identified that the most extensively used measures possess concurrent validity, sufficient inter-rater, intra-rater, and test-retest reliability. Clinical trials with a sophisticated setup cannot be afforded by clinics in low-income countries. It is vital to identify assessment methods that require commonly available materials that do not incur huge material costs. The methods discussed in this review can be administered without special training. This can facilitate quantifying and comparing the efficacy of these devices through clinical trials and multicentric investigations. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4310606 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z