http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/19026 2026-04-04T11:36:01Z http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4309565 Characteristics of Shallow Moisture Changes in Unsaturated Soil Slopes Covered with Vegetation under Different Rainfall Rates Yalong Li; Xiao Yang; Guolin Yang; Yuliang Lin; Ye Ma Rainwater infiltration will significantly increase the pore water pressure of shallow soil, thus reducing the stability of slope soil. In order to study the migration law of rainwater infiltration wetting front of vegetated slopes, the law of rainfall infiltration was analyzed by using the data of in field monitoring test of slopes. Meanwhile, a vegetated slope infiltration model was established, and the changes in the pore pressure and saturation of the idealized root system on the slope under different rainfall were investigated and analyzed. We found that medium to heavy rainfall (>10  mm/d) can change the shallow water content of vegetated slopes, and light rainfall cannot change the water content; the change in water content of vegetated slopes is less than that of unvegetated slopes under long-duration rainfall, and more than that of unvegetated slopes under short duration rainfall; the change in water content of Ligustrum quihoui Carr. L. shrub slopes are smaller than that of Nerium oleander L. shrub slopes, which has a better effect of slope; under short duration rainfall, the permeability coefficient of root consolidation zone of the vegetated slope is large, the rainwater infiltration speed is fast and it is not easy to cause shallow landslides; with the increase of rainfall time, the plant root system provides a good pore channel, the depth of sudden change of pore pressure of vegetated slope is smaller than that of unvegetated slope. The results of this study provide a reference and analytical basis for vegetated slopes of road graben under rainfall. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4309564 Coupling Coastal and Hydrologic Models through Next Generation National Water Model Framework Ebrahim Hamidi; Hart Henrichsen; Abbie Sandquist; Hongyuan Zhang; Hamed Moftakhari; Daniel Ames; Shaowu Bao; Celso Ferreira; Kyle T. Mandli It is important to understand flooding in highly populated coastal regions, especially as the severity of extreme flood events is projected to increase. The integration of inland and coastal models offers an improved representation of flooding phenomena in coastal regions. The Next Generation Water Resources Modeling (NextGen) is a state-of-the-art computational system designed to enable model interoperability and facilitate the study of water-related problems across various scales. NextGen has the potential to couple hydrologic, hydraulic, and hydrodynamic models. This study develops the first Basic Model Interface (BMI) to couple a coastal model (GeoClaw) with the National Water Model Conceptual Functional Equivalent (CFE) hydrologic model through the NextGen framework to expand the initial capability of the NextGen National Water Model (NWM) for interaction with coastal models. In this study, we successfully demonstrate the coupling process of coastal and hydrologic models for Hurricanes Harvey and Ike in a watershed that discharges into Galveston Bay, Texas, using the NextGen framework. This study lacks time series discharge integration in the coupled model but provides a foundation for future work, paving the way for efficient advancements such as two-way coupling. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4309563 Temporal Evaluation of Scour Hole Dimensions due to Plain Wall Jets in Noncohesive Sediments Using a Soft Computing Approach: White-Box versus Black-Box Modeling Reza Barati; Mojtaba Mehraein; Mohamad Javad Alizadeh; Vida Atashi; Seyed Hossein Mohajeri Jet scour presents a significant challenge for hydrological analysis and hydraulic design of river structures, with the temporal dynamics of scour hole dimensions posing a critical concern. This study analyzed the effectiveness of two AI-based models, extreme learning machine (ELM) and multigen genetic programming (MGGP), in predicting these fluctuations and identifying governing parameters. Both models demonstrated substantial predictive accuracy, exceeding the performance of existing empirical models. MGGP outperformed ELM in the training and testing phases, yielding four interpretable equations for practical applications. These equations enable designers to precisely predict temporal variations in scour hole dimensions based on key parameters, with nondimensional scouring time identified as the most influential factor. Surprisingly, channel width ratio and sediment standard deviation impacted model accuracy minimally. Additionally, the study emphasized the relevance of using the densiometric Froude number to capture temporal scour hole dynamics from plain wall jets. This research underscores the potential of using AI-based models to enhance scour prediction and design optimization of related structures. The proposed MGGP equations offer a practically relevant and accurate tool for managing jet scour, surpassing the limitations of previous approaches. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4309562 Numerical Evaluation of the Constant-Head Borehole Permeameter Method for Stormwater Infiltration Design J. Scott Kindred; Richard Martin; Mehrad Kamalzare; Ali Sharbat The current standard of practice for sizing stormwater infiltration facilities typically relies on one-dimensional (1D) test methods that do not account for the full dynamics of groundwater flow, including lateral flow and capillary flow. Although some agencies allow methods that do account for lateral and capillary flow, these methods are relatively small-scale and may not replicate the effects of soil layering below a full-scale infiltration facility. The uncased and cased methods evaluated in this study account for lateral and capillary flow and can be used to evaluate both small-scale and large-scale infiltration tests in a broad range of test facilities, including excavated pits, uncased shallow boreholes, and deep cased wells. This study provides numerically calibrated shape factors for both glacially consolidated and normally consolidated soils that are generally considered suitable for stormwater infiltration [saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks)>0.1  m/day]. Soil sorptive numbers (α*), which quantify the degree of soil capillarity, were also calculated for the 10 representative soils evaluated in this study. Using the α* estimates and calibrated shape factors developed for this study, these methods can provide estimates of Ks with a bias range of 0.87–1.13 and an average bias of 0.99. Bias is the calculated Ks based on the constant-head borehole permeameter method divided by the specified Ks used in the numerical model. As demonstrated in this study, the constant-head borehole permeameter methods are well-suited for predicting the flow capacity of full-scale infiltration facilities. Current methods for sizing stormwater infiltration facilities rely on either grain-size analyses or infiltration testing. Grain-size methods provide only an approximate estimate of soil permeability, and current methods for infiltration testing have significant limitations. For example, some methods assume vertical flow from the test facility and do not account for the full dynamics of groundwater flow, including lateral flow and capillary flow. Other methods are relatively small-scale and may not replicate the effects of soil layering below a full-scale infiltration facility. Finally, there are no generally accepted methods for predicting the capacity of drywells that are dominated by horizontal flow rather than vertical flow. This paper presents methods that address these shortcomings and provides estimates of hydraulic conductivity that are within 13% of specified hydraulic conductivity used in numerical simulations. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z