Abstract: The main difficulties reported in the identification of biokinetic models describing the activated sludge process are related to poor convergence or nonconvergence of the identification algorithms and nonuniqueness of the ...

Abstract: This paper proposes an algorithm for a robust optimal design of the biological reactor and secondary settling facilities in suspended growth nitrogen and phosphorus removal systems. Robust optimization includes uncertainty ...

Abstract: Because the provision of an adequate and reliable water supply system involves a very high level of investment, it is essential that the layout and design of such systems are very carefully planned and the operation of ...

Abstract: A simulated annealing-based heuristic has been developed to obtain the least-cost design of a looped water distribution network. A Newton search method was used to solve the hydraulic network equations. Simulated annealing ...

Abstract: Rain gauge monitoring networks are highly important for precipitation and erosion estimation. In general, measurement accuracy depends on the precipitation as well as on the network size and design. This paper proposes a ...

Abstract: Water consumption is perhaps the main process governing water distribution systems. Because of its uncertain nature, water consumption should be modeled as a stochastic process or characterized using statistical tools. ...

Abstract: In the last three decades the optimal design of water distribution systems problem has been studied by a great many researchers, and this has resulted in the development of a large number of models and the application of ...

Abstract: The selection of the macrolocation of new high-speed rail (HSR) systems during the planning stage affects the associated infrastructure costs. The process is influenced by the complex interaction between the HSR alignment, ...